عنوان

Multiculturalism and the criminal justice system /

شابک

0132155974

شابک

9780132155977

عنوان اصلي

Multiculturalism and the criminal justice system /

نام عام مواد

[Book]

نام نخستين پديدآور

Robert D. Hanser, University of Louisiana, Monroe, Michael Gomila, University of Louisiana, Monroe.

محل نشرو پخش و غیره

Boston :

نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره

Pearson,

تاریخ نشرو بخش و غیره

[2015]

نام خاص و کميت اثر

xxii, 410 pages :

ساير جزييات

illustrations ;

ابعاد

26 cm

متن يادداشت

Includes bibliographical references and index.

متن يادداشت

1. Minorities, diversity, multiculturalism, globalization, and the criminal justice system -- Defining the term "minority" -- Defining cultural diversity -- Multiculturalism and globalization -- Immigration and the influx of differing cultures -- Immigration issues (Mexico) -- Immigration issues (Asian immigrants) -- The combined impact of Latino and Asian immigration -- The challenge to law enforcement -- The impact of the global community on American jurisprudence -- Implications for the American criminal justice system -- Homegrown challenges, historical trauma, and minority groups -- Historical trauma and Native Americans -- Historical trauma and African Americans -- 2. Assimilation, acculturation, stereotyping, and classism in a democratic society -- What is cultural competence? -- A brief discussion of race and ethnicity -- Acculturation, assimilation, social integration, and multiculturalism -- Personal attributes and assimilation -- Melting pot or myth : is there an American way of life? -- Social dominance and disparities -- Stereotyping behavior -- Institutional racism and racial bias in American history -- Skin color and bias -- Criminal justice disparities -- Law enforcement and arrests -- Minorities and racial profiling -- Sentencing disparities -- Disparities of incarceration -- Lack of reentry services -- 3. Minorities based on age and disability -- The elderly and impaired as minority groups -- Age discrimination -- disability discrimination -- Disabilities common to the criminal justice system -- Mental impairments -- Mental retardation -- Psychosis and psychotic disorders -- Mood disorders : major depression -- Dementia : Alzheimer's disease -- Mentally ill offenders -- Access to care : the four standards of mental health care -- Physical disabilities -- Hearing and visual impairments -- The elderly as criminal justice employees -- The disabled as criminal justice employees -- Traumatic stress and police agencies -- Exemptions for criminal justice agencies, litigation, and client remedies -- The disabled as victims of crime -- The elderly as victims of crime -- Elder financial and property crimes -- Elder suicide -- Elderly offenders -- Elderly inmates -- Special consideration for elders

متن يادداشت

10. Corrections, classism, poverty, and minority groups -- Institutions of confinement -- The rationale behind the use of jails -- Debtor's gaols -- Workhouses, poorhouses, and houses of correction -- Transportation -- The prison -- Hospitals and asylums -- Modern asylums -- Slavery -- Race-based slavery : the myth of inferiority -- Modern minorities within the prison system -- Behavioral illnesses as a minority status -- Persons with addictions -- The substance addiction-crime connection -- Persons with mental illnesses -- Immigrants -- Detainment on arrival -- Post-arrival arrest/imprisonment -- The newest immigrants : Hispanic Americans -- Middle Eastern Muslims -- Asian Americans -- African Americans -- The poor/undereducated -- Religion in corrections : general rights to minority religious beliefs -- Legality of "non-traditional" religions -- Religious diets and holy days -- 11. Corrections and minorities : minorities, gang affiliation, gender, and staff issues -- The War on Drugs and the era of drug criminalization -- Minorities and incarceration -- Women and incarceration -- Institutional racism and corrections -- History of minority treatment in imprisonment -- The convict least system (1865-1910) -- The trusty system (1910-1975) -- Chain gangs -- Old school corrections, prison reform, and LSP Angola during the trusty system -- Types of modern prison facilities and Affirmative Action -- Correctional workers -- The racial composition of correctional officers -- The gender composition of correctional officers -- The need of bilingual workers -- Diversity training programs in corrections -- Race and prison -- Racial segregation case law -- Prison gangs : structured along racial lines of allegiance -- Religion and prison -- Staff an inmate dynamics : prison culture and prisonization -- The prison subculture and women in corrections : both inmate and staff subculture -- Sexual orientation and corrections -- Male prison hierarchies and sexual victimization -- Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003 -- Implementing organizational change to counteract the prison subculture -- Cross-racial inmate and staff supervision -- Education and training of staff -- 12. Juvenile minority wellness and health disparities, gender, sexual identity, youth culture, and social class -- Health and wellness among juveniles -- Family -- Education -- Violence in schools as wellness indicator -- Sexual activity and the juvenile population -- Gender as a minority status among juveniles -- Teenage mothers and unwanted pregnancies -- Impact of racial discrimination on health and wellness of juvenile minorities -- Sexual minority youth -- Sexual minority youth who carry a gun to school -- Sexual minority youth and reports of physical fights at school -- Sexual minority youth and sexual assault -- Sexual minority youth and attempted suicide -- Peer groups, subculture, minority issues, and socialization -- Culturally relevant considerations -- Social class, poverty, and the underclass

متن يادداشت

13. Types of juvenile offending, gang affiliation by race and gender, and disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile system -- Rates and types of offending by age and gender -- DMC in the Juvenile Justice system -- DMC at all stages of the justice system -- social contexts associated with juvenile minorities -- Youth composition of gangs and reasons for joining -- Minority youth, gang involvement, and reasons for joining -- Gangs and racial affiliation -- Gangs and juvenile females -- Youth, gangs, and corrections -- Female juveniles in custody -- Disparity in juvenile detention and incarceration -- Factors that contribute to disparate minority confinement -- A model program to respond to minority juveniles in secure environments -- Prevention and intervention efforts needed in the future -- 14. Cultural competence training, assessment, and evaluation of cultural competence, and evidence-based practices in cultural competent agencies -- Assessing agency cultural competence -- Implementation of agency cultural competence -- Cultural competence training in large and small agencies -- Training beyond the classroom and using ill-structured problems in developing cultural competence -- Beyond the training : individual staff recognition for utilizing culturally competent practices -- Evaluation research and cultural competence in the agency -- Implementation evaluation -- Process evaluation -- Outcome evaluation -- Program quality and staffing quality -- Feedback loops and continual improvement -- Community harm with ineffective programs, separating politics from science in the evaluative process -- Evidence-based principles -- Assess the needs of organizational participants -- Enhance motivation of participants -- Target operational changes -- Provide skill training for staff and monitor their delivery of services -- Increase positive reinforcement -- Engage ongoing support -- Measure relevant processes/practices -- Provide measurement feedback -- Individual case-level implementation of EBP -- Agency-level implementation of EBPs -- System-level implementation of EBPs -- Research evaluation for effectiveness of EBPs -- 15. Future trends in criminal justice -- Continued globalization -- Emphasis on cultural competence -- Continued reliance on community involvement and community justice -- Police will need increased knowledge about immigrant populations and younger populations -- Movement away from prisons toward community supervision -- Disable/elderly offender populations will continue to increase and be shifted to community supervision -- Sentencing may become more indeterminate in nature -- Early prevention of criminal behavior/addictions will continue to be promoted -- Drug enforcement strategy will be adjusted to represent demand-side strategies -- Treatment strategy will become of greater importance as enforcement strategy changes -- Strong emphasis on reentry -- Continued development of varied supervision/community techniques.

متن يادداشت

4. Minorities based on gender and sexual preference -- Women in the criminal justice field -- Women in law enforcement -- Women in corrections -- Women in the judicial system -- Women in the juvenile justice system -- The Glass Ceiling -- Women as supervisors in the criminal justice system -- Violence against women -- Crime Victim's Movement -- Violence Against Women Act -- Domestic violence -- Demographics of the female offender -- Other issues associated with the female offender -- Physical and/or sexual abuse -- Sex industry activity -- Sexually transmitted diseases -- Drug abuse --Mental health issues among female offenders -- The female offender as single mother -- Separation between mother and child -- Negative effect on children -- Gay and lesbian employees of the criminal justice system -- Lifestyle -- Professionalism in agencies -- Coping for gay/lesbian employees in paramilitary agencies -- An organizational culture of tolerance -- Discrimination in the professional setting -- Hate crimes against the gay and lesbian population -- Violent actions -- Sexual harassment -- Other forms of victimization -- Victim characteristics -- Victimization of LGBT offenders in prisons -- Responses to anti-gay crime -- 5. Cultural competence and intercultural communication -- The spectrum of competency : the Cultural Competence Continuum -- An overview of the six states of the Cultural Competence continuum -- Cultural competence : common issues facing diverse minority groups -- Generational status in the United States -- Degree of acculturation and assimilation -- Comfort with and competence in English -- Religious beliefs and cultural value orientation -- Intercultural communication -- Intercultural communication : early studies and prospective research -- The impact of schemas on intercultural communication -- Intercultural communication and linguistic competence -- Availability of trained bilingual and bicultural staff -- Dissemination of crime-fighting information -- Language and sign-language interpretation -- Cross-racial issues -- Multi-linguistic issues in interviewing and interrogations -- Intercultural communication with citizen relations and agency operations -- 6. Law enforcement and minorities : specific demographic groups, victims, and offenders -- African Americans -- Slavery in the Colonies and later United States -- The end of slavery in the United States -- The modern-day African American community -- Structural racism -- Marginalization of African Americans -- Historical victimization -- Impact of structural racism, crime, violence, and criminal justice -- African Americans and law enforcement -- Racial profiling, policing, and the African American community -- Latino Americans -- Mexican Americans -- Immigration concerns -- Puerto Ricans -- Cuban Americans -- Native Americans -- Native American values -- Native American victimization -- Unique legal status -- Asian Americans -- Difficulties and challenges in establishing a rapport -- Generational status in the United States -- Asian American crime victimization -- Domestic violence in Asian American families -- Asian American criminal activity -- Middle Eastern Americans -- Iranians and Turks -- Arab Americans -- Victimization of Middle Eastern Americans -- Minority victims of crime -- Minority offenders and the police

متن يادداشت

7. Law enforcement and minorities : community relations, hiring, and training -- Trust-building and community involvement -- challenges specific to immigrant communities -- Language barriers -- Reluctance to report crime -- Fear of police -- Federal immigration enforcement can affect local trust-building efforts -- Individual officers can damage a department's efforts -- Lack of awareness of cultural differences -- A model police response to immigrant communities -- Recruitment and hiring of minorities in policing -- Benefits of diversity -- Commitment to hiring -- Legal considerations -- Planning and techniques -- Community involvement -- Broadening the recruiting age pool : hiring the young and old -- Minority retention in policing -- Diversity training in police agencies -- Immigrant-specific diversity training -- Multiculturalism and volunteerism in policing -- Bilingual volunteer assistance -- Cultural liaisons -- Immigrant communities and ethnic-specific responses -- 8. The courts and the minorities -- The myth of colorblindness -- Implicit bias within the courtroom -- Overview of the American Court System -- Methods for selecting judges -- Tribal courts -- An overview of sentencing circles -- Goals -- Implementation --Special courts that affect minorities -- Juvenile courts -- Family courts -- Elder courts -- Drug courts -- Mental health courts -- Diversity and the courts -- Judicial professionals and cultural competence -- Minority legal representation : minority public defenders -- NOtable historic minority judiciary figures -- William Henry Hastie, Jr. -- Thurgood Marshall -- Frank Howell Seay and Michael Burrage -- Florence Ellinwood Allen -- Sonia Sotomayor -- Sandra Day O'Conner -- Lance Ito -- Reynaldo Guerra Garza -- Herbert Young Choy -- Constance Baker Motley -- Eric Hampton Holder -- Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr. -- Diversity and the bench : some additional comments -- 9. Minorities in the court system -- Minority defendants and legal representation -- Historical precedence : Scottsboro Case -- Historical case : Gideon v. Wainwright -- The current indigent defender system -- Racial minorities and bail-making decisions -- Bail discriminations -- Prosecutorial discretion -- Initial screenings -- Dismissal -- Charge reduction -- Plea bargaining -- Jury selection and minorities -- Voir Dire -- Jury nullification -- Disparity and discrimination in sentencing procedures -- Discrimination continuum -- Crime as an intra-racial phenomenon -- Minority sentencing issues -- Death penalty convictions -- Race of offender and victim in death penalty cases

بدون عنوان

0

بدون عنوان

0

بدون عنوان

0

بدون عنوان

0

بدون عنوان

0

موضوع مستند نشده

Criminal justice, Administration of-- United States.

موضوع مستند نشده

Discrimination in criminal justice administration-- United States.

موضوع مستند نشده

Multiculturalism-- United States.

موضوع مستند نشده

Criminal justice, Administration of.

موضوع مستند نشده

Discrimination in criminal justice administration.

موضوع مستند نشده

Multiculturalism.

موضوع مستند نشده

Multikulturelle Gesellschaft

موضوع مستند نشده

Strafrechtspflege

موضوع مستند نشده

United States.

بدون عنوان

7

شماره

ويراست

شماره رده

نشانه اثر

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Hanser, Robert D.

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Gomila, Michael

تاريخ عمليات

20200822085411.0

قواعد فهرست نويسي ( بخش توصيفي )

rda

نام الکترونيکي

نوع ماده

[Book]

تكميل شده

Y