یادداشتهای مربوط به کتابنامه ، واژه نامه و نمایه های داخل اثر
متن يادداشت
Includes bibliographical references and index
یادداشتهای مربوط به مندرجات
متن يادداشت
Machine generated contents note: pt. I Overview and assessment of hydrocarbon fuel conversion processes -- 1.Characterization and preparation of biomass, oil shale and coal-based feedstocks / O. Trass -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.Types and properties of feedstock -- 1.3.Coal feedstock characterization and requirements -- 1.4.Coal cleaning and preparation techniques -- 1.5.Coal slurry fuels -- 1.6.Future trends -- 1.7.Sources of further information and advice -- 1.8.References -- 2.Production, properties and environmental impact of hydrocarbon fuel conversion / J. G. Speight -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Production of hydrocarbon fuels -- 2.3.Properties of hydrocarbon fuels -- 2.4.Use and energy efficiency -- 2.5.Environmental impact -- 2.6.Toxicity hazards -- 2.7.Future trends in fuels production and properties -- 2.8.References -- 3.Life cycle assessment (LCA) of alternative hydrocarbon fuel conversion / S. Li -- 3.1.Introduction -- 3.2.Life cycle assessment: environmental, energetic and techno-economic issues -- 3.3.Life cycle assessment of fuel conversion routes and alternative feedstock utilisation -- 3.4.Conclusions and future trends -- 3.5.Sources of further information and advice -- 3.6.References -- pt. II Solid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology -- 4.Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion / C. Song -- 4.1.Introduction -- 4.2.Feedstocks for direct liquefaction -- 4.3.Basics of coal and biomass/lignin reaction chemistry -- 4.4.Process variables: coal rank, solvent, catalyst, temperature, pressure and residence time in direct liquefaction (DCL) -- 4.5.Known process technologies -- 4.6.Product output and quality issues -- 4.7.Process control and modeling techniques -- 4.8.Advantages and limitations -- 4.9.Future trends in direct coal liquefaction -- 4.10.Sources of further information and advice -- 4.11.References -- 5.Gasification process technology / C. Higman -- 5.1.Introduction -- 5.2.Gasification in the refinery environment -- 5.3.Basic principles -- 5.4.Building blocks for complete systems -- 5.5.Hydrogen and power plant as an example of a complete system -- 5.6.Advantages and limitations -- 5.7.Future trends -- 5.8.Sources of further information and advice -- 5.9.References -- 6.Pyrolysis processes and technology for the conversion of hydrocarbons and biomass / Xiao Y. Lim -- 6.1.Introduction -- 6.2.Applicable feedstocks -- 6.3.Process technology -- 6.4.Basic reactions -- 6.5.Thermodynamics/reaction kinetics -- 6.6.Catalyst and solvent utilization -- 6.7.Conclusion and future trends -- 6.8.References -- 7.Biomass catalysis in conventional refineries / J. Iglesias -- 7.1.Introduction -- 7.2.Biomass feedstock: availability and diversity -- 7.3.Catalytic cracking of biomass feedstock -- 7.4.Hydrotreating of biomass feedstock -- 7.5.Production of conventional liquid fuels from sugars -- 7.6.Futtire trends -- 7.7.References -- pt. III Liquid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology -- 8.Sulfur removal from heavy and light petroleum hydrocarbon by selective oxidation / E. Sayed -- 8.1.Introduction -- 8.2.Background -- 8.3.Oxidative desulfurization chemistry -- 8.4.Conclusions -- 8.5.References -- 9.Partial oxidation (POX) processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical production / K. Leiviska -- 9.1.Introduction -- 9.2.Process technology and methods of partial oxidation (POX) -- 9.3.Basic partial oxidation reactions -- 9.4.Catalysts utilized -- 9.5.Process control and modelling techniques -- 9.6.Advantages, limitations and optimization -- 9.7.Future trends -- 9.8.References -- 10.Hydroconversion processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical production / P. R. Robinson -- 10.1.Introduction to petroleum refining -- 10.2.Environmental protection -- 10.3.Hydroconversion overview -- 10.4.Economics of hydroconversion -- 10.5.Chemistry of hydroconversion -- 10.6.Supported-metal hydroconversion catalysts -- 10.7.Commercial hydroconversion units -- 10.8.Future trends in hydroconversion -- 10.9.References -- pt. IV Gaseous hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology -- 11.Middle distillate fuel production from synthesis gas via the Fischer-Tropsch process / J.H.M. Font Freide -- 11.1.Introduction -- 11.2.Process technology -- 11.3.Basic principles of the reaction process -- 11.4.Catalyst utilisation -- 11.5.Product upgrading and quality issues -- 11.6.Process modelling and control -- 11.7.Advantages, limitations and optimisation for synthetic middle distillate fuels -- 11.8.Future trends -- 11.9.Sources of further information and advice -- 11.10.References -- 12.Methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) production from synthesis gas / D. Seddon -- 12.1.Introduction -- 12.2.Process technology and new innovations -- 12.3.Basic principles of methanol synthesis -- 12.4.Catalysts -- 12.5.Product quality -- 12.6.Estimation of production costs -- 12.7.Future trends -- 12.8.Sources of further information and advice -- 12.9.References -- 13.Advances in water-gas shift technology: modern catalysts and improved reactor concepts / E. V. Rebrov -- 13.1.Introduction -- 13.2.Modern reactor concepts -- 13.3.Advanced catalytic systems -- 13.4.Conclusions and future trends -- 13.5.References -- 14.Natural gas hydrate conversion prpcesses / A. H. Johnson -- 14.1.Introduction -- 14.2.Factors important for hydrate conversion -- 14.3.Resource potential -- 14.4.Conversion processes -- 14.5.Advantages, limitations and optimization -- 14.6.Future trends -- 14.7.Sources of further information and advice -- 14.8.References -- pt. V Operational issues and process improvement in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant -- 15.Environmental degradation in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant: issues and mitigation / F. Ropital -- 15.1.Introduction -- 15.2.Types of degradation and their main locations -- 15.3.Protection and mitigation technologies -- 15.4.Plant management techniques -- 15.5.Future trends -- 15.6.Sources of further information and advice -- 15.7.References -- 16.Automation technology in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant / S. El Ferik -- 16.1.Introduction -- 16.2.Automation technology survey: from exploration to processing -- 16.3.Fundamentals of process control -- 16.4.Control design -- 16.5.Future trends in automation technology -- 16.6.Working towards a broader integration of control and operation -- 16.7.Conclusions -- 16.8.References -- 17.Advanced process control for clean fuel production: smart plant of the future / M. Rashid Khan -- 17.1.Introduction -- 17.2.Incentives for smart process control technologies -- 17.3.Smart instrumentation of the future -- 17.4.Advanced process control (APC) and optimization solutions -- 17.5.Model predictive control technology (MPC) -- 17.6.Real-time optimization (RTO) technology -- 17.7.Control performance monitoring (CPM) -- 17.8.Driving future innovation, sustainability and performance in process control technologies -- 17.9.References -- 18.Process modeling for hydrocarbon fuel conversion / T. Eldredge -- 18.1.Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling techniques -- 18.2.Empirical modeling techniques -- 18.3.Process flow models -- 18.4.Chemical kinetic modeling -- 18.5.References