Intro; Acknowledgements; Contents; Abbreviations; List of Figures; List of Tables; Chapter 1: Introduction; References; Chapter 2: Turkish Party System Through Volatile Social and Political Cleavages; 2.1 Centre-Periphery; Centre-Periphery from Lipset and Rokkan to Turkish Centre-Periphery; The Second World War and New Dynamics; 2.2 Left-Right Cleavage; 1961 Elections: DP's Legacy in the Hands of the AP and the CHP as the Centre; The Burgeoning of the Turkish Left and Independent Deputies in the 1965 Elections; 1970s: The Big Left Alliance Against Turkish Front National
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1990s: The Perseverance of Kurdish Parties in the Face of Threats2000s: Kurds' Parliamentary Representation as Independent Candidates and as Party; 2.5 Sub-Cleavages; The Sunni-Alevi Cleavage; Kurdish-Sunni/Kurdish-Alevi or Kurdish-Secularist; Capital Owner-Worker; Big Urban Conglomerate/SMEs; The Centre at the Periphery and Periphery at the Centre; JDP Targeting the Overarching Cleavage: Turkish-Ottoman/Republican-Imperial; References; Chapter 3: Game Changer: Socioeconomic Transformation and Emergence of the JDP in 2002
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3.1 The Planned Economy, Dormant Socioeconomic Cleavages, the State-Subsidised Bourgeoisie, and the Single-Party Regime: 1923-1950When Political Expression Has No Outlet; 3.2 Agricultural Mechanisation, Peasants' Dissatisfaction, and the Emergence of a Two-Party System: 1950-1960; Agricultural Mechanisation and Agrarian Society's Urban Aspirations; DP's Policies Designed to Support Turkey's Agrarian Bases; 3.3 Early Industrialisation (Import Substitution Industrialisation) Leads to the Burgeoning of Urban Working Class and Multi-Party Politics: 1960-1980
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The Second Nationalist Front Following the Legislative Elections of 1977The Decline of the Left in the 1980s and the Flourishing of Islamic Communities in the Peripheries of Major Cities; 1983: Parliament Regains Control; 1990s: The Vacuum of the Left and Emergence of Political Islam; 2.3 Secularist-Islamist Cleavage; Incorporation of the State-Church into the Turkish Context: Challenges and Similarities; Islamic Movements in Silence up to 1960; The Two-Party Regime and DP's Capitalisation on Islamic Groups; Islam as an Antidote to Communism
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The Strengthening of the Islamic Grassroots Vernacular Politics in the 1980sThe Emergence of Political Islam, the Peak of the Secularist-Islamist Cleavage; 1994-2002: From Political Islam to Pragmatic and Hybrid Islam; From the Secularist-Islamist Divide to the Cross-Cleavage Coalition: 2002 to Present; 2.4 The Turkish-Kurdish Cleavage; From Dormant Cleavage to Visible Cleavage: Turkish-Kurdish, 1950-1970; The Alignment of Kurdish-Turkish with the Left-Right Cleavage; The Transitional Period of the Kurdish Movement: 1970-1979; Kurdish Political Expression Via Political Parties: 1980-1989
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
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This book charts the economic, social and political rise of the Justice and Development Party (JDP) as well as its political resilience over the last sixteen years. Going beyond the standard dichotomy debate of political Islam versus secularism, the author shows how the JDP, a political party with substantial roots in political Islam, came to power in 2002 as an outcome of the socioeconomic transformation process that started in the country in the 1980s. The book further illustrates how the party consolidated its ruling power by catering to its core constituencies via a multifaceted set of policies that gave rise to the emergence of a powerful political machine. A careful analysis of the JDP's policy agenda highlights the discrepancy between the party's discourse and its supply of policies. Furthermore, the author shows how the party has skilfully (re- )framed its ideological stance by changing alliances, and in analysing this hybrid ideological framing she presents key underpinnings of the party that paved the way to a fundamental restructuring of the Turkish party system and establishment of a new regime that replaced the old guard. This book will be of interest to academics, graduate students and researchers interested in comparative politics, political science and sociology. Sevinç Bermek is Visiting Research Fellow at the Department of the Middle Eastern Studies, King's College London, UK.--
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Title
Rise of Hybrid Political Islam in Turkey : Origins and Consolidation of the JDP.