Part I: General, Basics, Interaction of Protons with Matter, Modifying the Proton Beam, Conformal Proton Radio-therapy; Part II: General Aspects of Proton Therapy, The Rationale for Proton Therapy, Radiobiology, Dose-Volume Relationships in Proton-Therapy and Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformations, Skull Base Meningiomas and Recurrent Malignant Gliomas, Low Energy Proton Beam Therapy for Eye Lesions, High Energy Proton Therapy for Tumours in Body Sites other than the Brain, Radiosurgical Applications of Protons and Photons. The Complications of Single Large Intracranial Doses of Radiation and Their Management, Alternatives to Proton therapy, Costs of Proton Therapy and Radiosurgery.