Historiography of the history of science / Lynn Nyhart -- Learned man and woman in antiquity and the Middle Ages / Nathan Sidoli -- Go-betweens, travelers, and cultural translators / Kapil Raj -- The alchemist / Tara Nummedal -- The natural philosopher / Peter Dear -- The natural historian / Kristin Johnson -- Invisible technicians, instrument makers, and artisans / Iwan Rhys Morus -- Scientific illustrators / Valérie Chansigaud -- The human experimental subject / Anita Guerrini -- Amateurs / Katherine Pandora -- The man of science / Paul White -- The professional scientist / Cyrus C. M. Mody -- The medieval university / Steven J. Livesey -- The observatory / Robert W. Smith -- The court / Bruce T. Moran -- Academies and societies / Denise Phillips -- Museums and botanical gardens / Lukas Rieppel -- Domestic space / Donald L. Opitz -- Commercial science / Paul Lucier -- The field / Robert Kohler and Jeremy Vetter -- The laboratory / Catherine M. Jackson -- Modern school and university / Heike Jens -- Manuscripts / Joyce van Leeuwen -- The printing press / Nick Wilding -- Correspondence networks / Brian Ogilvie -- Translations / Marwa Elshakry and Carla Nappi -- Journals and periodicals / Aileen Fyfe -- Textbooks / Josep Simon -- Lectures / Diarmid A. Finnegan -- Film, radio, and television / David A. Kirby -- Timing devices / Rory McEvoy -- Weights and measures / Hector Vera -- Calculating devices and computers / Matthew L. Jones -- Specimens and collections / Mary E. Sunderland -- Recording devices / Jimena Canales -- Microscopes / Boris Jardine -- Telescopes / Jim Bennett -- Prisms, spectroscopes, spectrographs, and gratings / Klaus Hentschel -- Diagrams / Charlotte Bigg -- Three dimensional models / Joshua Nall and Liba Taub