Introduction /Alex de Waal --On the failure and persistence of jihad /A.H. Abdel Salam and Alex de Waal --Islamism, state power and jihad in Sudan /Alex de Waal and A.H. Abdel Salam --Islamic political dynamics in the Somali civil war: before and after September 11 /Roland Marchal --Islamic N.G.O.s in Africa: the promise and peril of Islamic voluntarism /M.A. Mohamed Salih --The politics of destabilisation in the Horn, 1989-2001 /Alex de Waal --Africa, Islamism and America's 'War on Terror' after September 11 /Alex de Waal and A.H. Abdel Salam.