.Photonic crystals with photonic band gap materials that have periodic structure. Study the structure of these materials, much attention Both fields experimentally and theoretically because of their potential applications in Optoelectronics and also ability of applications of these materials in remote communication, including a waveguide, optical filters, and microcavity has attracted. Considering the extensive applications of optical divics, obtain tunable photonic crystals will be useful. For example, photonic crystals made of conductive polymers are tunable by changing the temperature and applied voltage.The damping electromagnetic waves in metallic photonic crystals can prevent many potential properties. Superconducting materials instead of replacing metallic materials can be overcame these shortcomings. the superconductivity is strongly influenced by temperature and the magnetic field. In the superconducting state, the electromagnetic wave can propagate only in the range of the London penetration depths of materials. In the normal conducting state, however, London penetration depths become infinite, that is, the electromagnetic field can propagate in the material without any limitations. Therefore, we can expect the large tunability in photonic crystals composed of superconductors due to the transition from the superconducting state to the normal conducting one, Consequently, a method for controlling the optical properties of photonic crystals to provide. A photonic crystal microcavity can be fabricated by bringing a disorder to Photonic crystals periodic structure via changing the size or substance filling one of the lattice holes. Presence of point defects in Photonic crystals causes to propagating of electromagnetic modes inside the photonic band gap and localized electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of the defect
dor tcefed ot sdor gnirobhgien hcaorppa ot dezilacol erom si edom siht taht edulcnoc nac ew ,dleif cirtcele eht fo seliforp gnidutS htiw dna ,seicneuqerf rewol drawot detfihs si etats dnuorg eht fo edom tcefed ,dor tcefed srobhgien tsrif eht yawa htiw oslA .suidar ot eud sredrosid ot evitisnes ssel evah sedom tcefed lamron ot derapmoc ni sedom siht taht gnitacidni dor tcefed eht fo suidar eht gnignahc ot sedom tcefed gnitcudnocrepus fo roivaheb eht gnitagitsevni htiW taht si siht ,devresbo nac ew lairetam gnitcudnocrepus fo edam sdor tcefed eht gniredisnoc tluser tnatropmi yrev enO .pag dnab cinotohp ni elbanut egral eht ees nac ew ,lairetam gnitcudnocrepus eht fo egnahc eht ,oslA ,desaercni era noitazilacol tcefed edom dna ,seicneuqerf rewol ot detfihs si edom tcefed eht dleif dna erutarepmet gnisaercni htiw taht swohs dleif citengam deilppa eht dna erutarepmet eht no gnidneped ,edom tcefed fo roivaheb eht gniduts .sretemarap tnereffid ot edom tcefed gnitcudnocrepus fo roivaheb yduts ew ,snoitces gniwollof eht nI .rotcudnocrepus a fo edam slatsyrc cinotohp eht fo pag dnab cinotohp elbanut tsrif eht noitagitsevni evah ,siseht siht nI