/ edited by Narendra Tutejas and Sarvajeet S. Gill.
Germany
: WILEY-VCH
, 2016.
Print
INDEX
Bibliography
List of Contributors XVII. Foreword XXV. Preface XXVII. Part I Abiotic Stresses An Overview 1. 1 Abiotic Stress Signaling in Plants An Overview 3 Sarvajeet Singh Gill, Naser A. Anjum, Ritu Gill, and Narendra Tuteja. 1.1 Introduction 3. 1.2 Perception of Abiotic Stress Signals 4. 1.3 Abiotic Stress Signaling Pathways in Plants 4. 1.3.1 Reactive Oxygen Species 5. 1.3.2 Transcription Factors 6. 1.3.3 Calcium and Calcium-Regulated Proteins 7. 1.3.4 MAPK Cascades 7. 1.4 Conclusions, Crosstalks, and Perspectives 8. Acknowledgments 8. References 9. 2 Plant Response to Genotoxic Stress: A Crucial Role in the Context of Global Climate Change 13 Anca Macovei, Mattia Dona, Daniela Carbonera, and Alma Balestrazzi. 2.1 Introduction 13. 2.2 Genotoxic Effects of UV Radiation 14. 2.3 UV-B-Induced DNA Damage and Related Signaling Pathway 15. 2.4 Repair of UV-B-Induced DNA Lesions: The Role of Photolyases 16. 2.5 Contribution of the NER Pathway in the Plant Response to UV Radiation 17. 2.6 Chromatin Remodeling and the Response to UV-Mediated Damage 18. 2.7 Homologous Recombination and Nonhomologous End Joining Pathways are Significant Mechanisms in UV Tolerance 20. 2.8 UV-B Radiation and Genotoxic Stress: In Planta Responses 21. 2.9 Heat Stress: A Challenge for Crops in the Context of Global Climate Change 21. 2.10 Conclusions 22. References 23. 3 Understanding AlteredMolecular Dynamics in the Targeted Plant Species in Western Himalaya in Relation to Environmental Cues: Implications under Climate Change Scenario 27 Sanjay Kumar. 3.1 Why Himalaya? 27. 3.2 Climate Change is Occurring in Himalaya 31. 3.3 Plant Response to Climate Change Parameters in Himalayan Flora 34. 3.3.1 How to Enhance the Efficiency of Carbon Uptake? Plants at High Altitude Offer Clues 34. 3.3.2 Managing Oxidative Stress the Nature sWay 36. 3.3.2.1 Engineering SOD for Climate Change 37. 3.3.3 Transcriptome Analysis Offers Genes and Gene Suits for Tolerance to Environmental Cues 37. 3.3.3.1 Clues from Plants at High Altitude 38. 3.3.3.2 Clues from Plants at Low Altitude 39. 3.3.3.3 Summing up the Learning from Transcriptome Data 42. 3.4 Impact on Secondary Metabolism under the Climate Change Scenario 42. 3.5 Path Forward 46. Acknowledgments 47. References 48. 4 Crosstalk between Salt, Drought, and Cold Stress in Plants: Toward Genetic Engineering for Stress Tolerance 55 Sagarika Mishra, Sanjeev Kumar, Bedabrata Saha, Jayprakash Awasthi, Mohitosh Dey, Sanjib Kumar Panda, and Lingaraj Sahoo. 4.1 Introduction 56. 4.2 Signaling Components of Abiotic Stress Responses 57. 4.3 Decoding Salt Stress Signaling and Transduction Pathways 58. 4.3.1 Signal Perception, Sensors, and Signaling in Plant Cells 59. 4.3.1.1 Calcium: An Active Sensor for Salt Stress 59. 4.3.1.2 Role of IP3 in Signaling Events for Salt Stress 59. 4.3.1.3 SOS Pathway A Breakthrough Approach in Deciphering Salt Signaling 60. 4.3.1.4 Role of pH in Salt Stress Signaling 61. 4.3.1.5 ABA Signaling in Salt Stress 61. 4.3.1.6 ROS Accumulation in Salt Stress 61. 4.4 Drought Stress Signaling and Transduction Pathways 62. 4.4.1 Drought Stress Sensors 63. 4.4.1.1 Histidine Kinases (HKs) 63. 4.4.1.2 Receptor-Like Kinases (RLK) 64. 4.4.1.3 Microtubules as Sensors 65. 4.4.2 Drought Signal Transduction 65. 4.4.2.1 ABA-Dependent Pathway 66. 4.4.2.2 Drought Signal Effector 67. 4.5 Cold Stress Signaling and Transduction Pathways 68. 4.5.1 Cold Stress Sensors 68. 4.5.2 Signal Transduction 69. 4.5.2.1 ABA-Independent Pathway Involved in Cold and Drought Stress Responses 69. 4.5.2.2 Role of Transcription Factors/Element 70. 4.5.3 Cold Stress Effector 72. 4.5.3.1 HSF/HSP 72. 4.5.3.2 ROS 72. 4.6 Transgenic Approaches to Overcome Salinity Stress in Plants 73. 4.6.1 MYB-Type Transcription Factors 73. 4.6.2 Zinc Finger Proteins 74. 4.6.3 NAC-Type Transcription Factors 74. 4.6.4 bZIP (Basic Leucine Zipper) Transcription Factors 74. 4.6.5 MAPKs (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases) 75. 4.6.6 CDPKs (Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases) 75. 4.6.7 RNA-Interference-Mediated Approach and Role of siRNAs and miRNAs in Developing Salt-Tolerant Plants 75. 4.7 Conclusion 76. References 77. 5 Intellectual PropertyManagement and Rights, Climate Change, and Food Security 87 Karim Maredia, Frederic Erbisch, Callista Rakhmatov, and Tom Herlache. 5.1 Introduction: What Are Intellectual Properties? 88. 5.2 Protection of Biotechnologies 88. 5.2.1 Federal Protection 88. 5.2.1.1 Patents 88. 5.2.1.2 Plant Variety Protection 89. 5.2.1.3 Copyright 90. 5.2.1.4 Trademarks 90. 5.2.2 Non-federal Protection 91. 5.2.2.1 Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) 91. 5.2.2.2 Confidential Disclosure Agreements (CDA) 91. 5.2.2.3 Research Agreements 91. 5.2.2.4 Cooperative or Inter-Institutional Agreements 92. 5.3 Management Challenges of Biotechnologies 92. 5.3.1 Recognizing the Value of Intellectual Property 92. 5.3.2 Creating General Awareness of the Importance of Intellectual Property and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) 93. 5.3.3 Developing an Intellectual Property Management System/Focal Point 93. 5.3.4 Building Functional National and Institutional Intellectual Property Policies 93. 5.3.5 Enforcement/Implementation of Intellectual Property Policies 93. 5.3.6 Institutional Support and Commitment 94. 5.4 Making Biotechnologies Available 94. 5.5 Licensing of Biotechnologies 95. 5.6 Intellectual Property Management and Technology Transfer System at Michigan S
ate University 96. 5.7 IP Ma
agement and Technol
gy Transfer at Michigan State University 96. 5.8 Enabli