A Model of Community Participation in Coastal Zone Management: The Case of St. Martin's Island, Bangladesh
[Thesis]
Basak, Sharmistha
Seitz, Thomas
University of Wyoming
2020
131 p.
M.A.
University of Wyoming
2020
In recent decades, Bangladesh's only coral reef, St. Martin's Island, has been experiencing severe environmental degradation. Although tourism and its associated activities represent some of the major threats to the island's resources, the local people are solely dependent on tourism. Bangladeshi government declared the island an ECA (Ecologically Critical Area), excluding local actors from the island's management. Consequently, the conservation efforts, including the declaration of ECA, have not been successful. Much of the existing scholarship claims that public participation fails in coastal management due to the lack of proper initiatives and adequate involvement of the related stakeholders. This empirical study argues that a bottom-up approach would be effective in St. Martin's Island's management if the related stakeholders can be properly engaged in solving environmental issues. In order to fill the gaps in the coordination among local stakeholders, this study proposes a modified application of Reeds' theory, incorporating various coastal management approaches around the globe. The proposed model is particularly applicable to St. Martin's Island's contexts since this study explores the opportunities and limitations to include the local stakeholders in St. Martin's Island's management projects. For analyzing the stakeholders' concerns about environmental degradation and their roles in managing St. Martin's Island, this research uses qualitative data like interviews and participant observation. The findings of this research have the potentials to shape future policies about coastal zone management in Bangladesh in which local stakeholders would have active roles.