1. Top-down or bottom-up? Towards a theory of change for human rights practice in Iran -- 2. The 'inside-track' approach to change in Iran under President Rouhani: The case of freedom on the internet -- 3. Indigenising 'modernisation' in Iran -- 4. Iranian lawyers for human rights: The Defenders of Human Rights Center -- 5. Is grassroots justice a viable alternative to impunity? The case of the Iran People's Tribunal -- 6. Secular and Islamic feminist work to increase parliamentary representation in Iran: Towards an alliance? -- 7. Struggles for revival: The Iranian student movement under the 'moderate' government (2013-2017) -- 8. Environmental activism and social change in Iran -- 9. Ethnic minorities and the question of liberal multiculturalism in Iran -- 10. Intersecting issues and their implications for human right practice in Iran.
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This volume extends debates on the interaction between universal human rights and the political experiences of Iranians, through a conceptual analysis of 'theories of change'. It assesses the practical processes by which individuals, organizations and movements can reform or impact the structural, theological, and political challenges faced in the Iranian context. Contributors to this volume investigate how structures, institutions, and agents in Iran maneuver for influence and power at the state level, through the law, in international corridors, at the grassroots, and by implementing multiple and complex methods. The chapters provide distinct but interrelated analysis of key drivers of change in Iran. A number of those operate primarily through top-down approaches, such as the political reform movement, lawyers pursuing legislative change, and international human rights monitoring bodies. Others take a bottom-up approach, including local movements and campaigns such as the women's movement, the student movement, and ethnic minority groups.