عنوان

The Chemistry of Cosmic Dust.

1782620478

9781782620471

b584883

The Chemistry of Cosmic Dust.

[Book]

David A Williams

Cambridge Royal Society of Chemistry

2016

(304 Seiten :) Illustrationen

Cover; The Chemistry of Cosmic Dust; Preface; Dedication; Contents; Chapter 1 --; Dust-Related Chemistry in Space; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Interstellar Dust --; A Brief History; 1.2.1 Observations; 1.2.2 Inferences; 1.3 Why is Dust Important; 1.4 What is in This Book; 1.5 The Interstellar Medium of the Milky Way; 1.6 Physical Units in This Book; Further Reading; Section I --; Defining the Chemical and Physical Nature of Interstellar Dust; Chapter 2 --; Remote Observations of Interstellar Dust; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Observational Phenomena Related to Interstellar Dust; 2.2.1 Interstellar Extinction. 2.2.2 Interstellar Polarization2.2.3 Spectroscopy in the Interstellar Medium; 2.2.3.1 Absorption Features in the Interstellar Extinction Curves in Diffuse Interstellar Gas; 2.2.3.2 Absorption Features in the Interstellar Extinction Curves in Dense Interstellar Gas; 2.2.3.3 Emission Bands in the Interstellar Medium; 2.2.4 Scattering by Dust Grains; 2.2.5 Continuum Emission; 2.2.5.1 Continuum Emission in the Far-Infrared; 2.2.5.2 Continuum Emission in the Visual and Near-Infrared; 2.2.5.3 Continuum Emission in the Centimetre Wavelength Range; 2.2.6 Depletions; 2.3 Conclusions; Further Reading. Chapter 3 --; Models of Interstellar Dust3.1 From Data to Models; 3.2 The model of Bruce Draine and His Collaborators; 3.3 Composite Dust Grains; 3.3.1 The "Unified" Model; 3.3.2 The "Holistic" Model; 3.4 Conclusions: Implications for Interstellar Surface Chemistry; Further Reading; Chapter 4 --; Laboratory Studies of Candidate Interstellar Dust Materials; 4.1 Terrestrial Replicas of Interstellar Dust Grains; 4.1.1 Structures of Silicates and Carbons; 4.2 Silicates; 4.2.1 Synthesis of Silicate Dust Analogues; 4.2.2 Processing of Silicate Dust Analogues; 4.3 Production of Carbon Dust Analogues. 4.4 Optical Constants of Dust AnaloguesFurther Reading; Section II --; The Formation of Dust and Its Evolution in the Interstellar Media of Galaxies; Chapter 5 --; Dust Formation in Stellar Environments; 5.1 The Origins of Interstellar Dust: Introduction; 5.2 Dust Formation in AGB Stars; 5.2.1 Elemental Abundances in the Atmospheres of AGB Stars; 5.2.2 Chemical Composition of the Stellar Atmosphere; 5.2.3 Dust Formation in the Stellar Outflow; 5.2.3.1 Nucleation; 5.2.3.2 Growth of Dust Grains; 5.3 Dust Formation in Supernovae; 5.3.1 Supernovae; 5.3.2 The Formation of Dust in Supernovae. 5.3.3 Injection of Supernova Dust into the Interstellar Medium5.4 Dust Formation in Novae; 5.4.1 Novae; 5.4.2 Dust Formation; 5.5 Conclusions; Further Reading; Chapter 6 --; Dust Evolution in the Interstellar Medium; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Disruption and Destruction of Dust Grains in Interstellar Shocks; 6.2.1 Model Predictions; 6.2.2 Implications for Surface Chemistry of the Jones et al. Model of Grain Destruction in Shocks; 6.3 Response of Dust to Electromagnetic Radiation; 6.3.1 Carbonaceous Dust; 6.3.2 Consequences of the Unified Model for Surface Chemistry.

It has been firmly established over the last quarter century that cosmic dust plays important roles in astrochemistry. The consequences of these roles affect the formation of planets, stars and even galaxies. Cosmic dust has been a controversial topic but there is now a considerable measure of agreement as to its nature and roles in astronomy, and its initiation of astrobiology. The subject has stimulated an enormous research effort, with researchers in many countries now involved in laboratory research and in ab initio computations. This is the first book devoted to a study of the chemistry of cosmic dust, presenting current thinking on the subject distilled from many publications in surface and solid-state science, and in astronomy. The authors discuss the nature of dust, its formation and evolution, the chemistry it can promote on its surfaces, and the consequences of these functions. The purpose of this book is to review current understanding and to indicate where future work is required. Mainly intended for researchers in the field of astrochemistry, the book could also be used as the basis of a course for postgraduate students who have an interest in astrochemistry.

Cosmic dust.

Cosmochemistry.

SCIENCE -- Astronomy.

David A Williams

C Cecchi-Pestellini

David A Williams

[Book]

Y