عنوان

Separation process principles : chemical and biochemical operations

electronic

Seader, J. D.

Separation process principles : chemical and biochemical operations

Hoboken, NJ

Wiley

2011

xxvi, 821 p. : ill. ; 29 cm

Includes bibliographical references and index

J. D. Seader, Ernest J. Henley, D. Keith Roper

3rd ed

Machine generated contents note: About the Authors. -- Preface to the Third Edition. -- Nomenclature. -- Dimensions and Units. -- PART 1 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS. -- 1. Separation Processes. -- 1.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 1.1 Industrial Chemical Processes. -- 1.2 Basic Separation Techniques. -- 1.3 Separations by Phase Addition or Creation. -- 1.4 Separations by Barriers. -- 1.5 Separations by Solid Agents. -- 1.6 Separations by External Field or Gradient. -- 1.7 Component Recoveries and Product Purities. -- 1.8 Separation Factor. -- 1.9 Introduction to Bioseparations. -- 1.01 Selection of Feasible Separations. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 2. Thermodynamics of Separation Operations. -- 2.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 2.1 Energy, Entropy, and Availability Balances. -- 2.2 Phase Equilibria. -- 2.3 Ideal-Gas, Ideal-Liquid-Solution Model. -- 2.4 Graphical Correlations of Thermodynamic Properties. -- 2.5 Nonideal Thermodynamic Property Models. -- 2.6 Liquid Activity-Coefficient Models. -- 2.7 Difficult Mixtures. -- 2.8 Selecting an Appropriate Model. -- 2.9 Thermodynamic Activity of Biological Species. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 3. Mass Transfer and Diffusion. -- 3.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 3.1 Steady-State, Ordinary Molecular Diffusion. -- 3.2 Diffusion Coefficients )Diffusivities(. -- 3.3 Steady- and Unsteady-State Mass Transfer Through Stationary Media. -- 3.4 Mass Transfer in Laminar Flow. -- 3.5 Mass Transfer in Turbulent Flow. -- 3.6 Models for Mass Transfer in Fluids with a Fluid-Fluid Interface. -- 3.7 Two-Film Theory and Overall Mass-Transfer Coefficients. -- 3.8 Molecular Mass Transfer in Terms of Other Driving Forces. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 4. Single Equilibrium Stages and Flash Calculations. -- 4.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 4.1 Gibbs Phase Rule and Degrees of Freedom. -- 4.2 Binary Vapor-Liquid Systems. -- 4.3 Binary Azeotropic Systems. -- 4.4 Multicomponent Flash, Bubble-Point, and Dew-Point Calculations. -- 4.5 Ternary Liquid-Liquid Systems. -- 4.6 Multicomponent Liquid-Liquid Systems. -- 4.7 Solid-Liquid Systems. -- 4.8 Gas-Liquid Systems. -- 4.9 Gas-Solid Systems. -- 4.01 Multiphase Systems. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 5. Cascades and Hybrid Systems. -- 5.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 5.1 Cascade Configurations. -- 5.2 Solid-Liquid Cascades. -- 5.3 Single-Section Extraction Cascades. -- 5.4 Multicomponent Vapor-Liquid Cascades. -- 5.5 Membrane Cascades. -- 5.6 Hybrid Systems. -- 5.7 Degrees of Freedom and Specifications for Cascades. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- PART 2 SEPARATIONS BY PHASE ADDITION OR CREATION. -- 6. Absorption and Stripping of Dilute Mixtures. -- 6.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 6.1 Equipment for Vapor-Liquid Separations. -- 6.2 General Design Considerations. -- 6.3 Graphical Method for Trayed Towers. -- 6.4 Algebraic Method for Determining N. -- 6.5 Stage Efficiency and Column Height for Trayed Columns. -- 6.6 Flooding, Column Diameter, Pressure Drop, and Mass Transfer for Trayed Columns. -- 6.7 Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns. -- 6.8 Packed-Column Liquid Holdup, Diameter, Flooding, Pressure Drop, and Mass-Transfer -- Efficiency. -- 6.9 Concentrated Solutions in Packed Columns. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 7. Distillation of Binary Mixtures. -- 7.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 7.1 Equipment and Design Considerations. -- 7.2 McCabe-Thiele Graphical Method for Trayed Towers. -- 7.3 Extensions of the McCabe-Thiele Method. -- 7.4 Estimation of Stage Efficiency for Distillation. -- 7.5 Column and Reflux-Drum Diameters. -- 7.6 Rate-Based Method for Packed Distillation Columns. -- 7.7 Introduction to the Ponchon-Savarit Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method for Trayed -- Towers. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 8. Liquid-Liquid Extraction with Ternary Systems. -- 8.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 8.1 Equipment for Solvent Extraction. -- 8.2 General Design Considerations. -- 8.3 Hunter-Nash Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method. -- 8.4 Maloney-Schubert Graphical Equilibrium-Stage Method. -- 8.5 Theory and Scale-up of Extractor Performance. -- 8.6 Extraction of Bioproducts. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 9. Approximate Methods for Multicomponent, Multistage Separations. -- 9.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 9.1 Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland )FUG( Method. -- 9.2 Kremser Group Method. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 01. Equilibrium-Based Methods for Multicomponent Absorption, Stripping, -- Distillation, and Extraction. -- 01.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 01.1 Theoretical Model for an Equilibrium Stage. -- 01.2 Strategy of Mathematical Solution. -- 01.3 Equation-Tearing Procedures. -- 01.4 Newton-Raphson )NR( Method. -- 01.5 Inside-Out Method. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 11. Enhanced Distillation and Supercritical Extraction. -- 11.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 11.1 Use of Triangular Graphs. -- 11.2 Extractive Distillation. -- 11.3 Salt Distillation. -- 11.4 Pressure-Swing Distillation. -- 11.5 Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation. -- 11.6 Heterogeneous Azeotropic Distillation. -- 11.7 Reactive Distillation. -- 11.8 Supercritical-Fluid Extraction. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 21. Rate-Based Models for Vapor-Liquid Separation Operations. -- 21.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 21.1 Rate-Based Model. -- 21.2 Thermodynamic Properties and Transport-Rate Expressions. -- 21.3 Methods for Estimating Transport Coefficients and Interfacial Area. -- 21.4 Vapor and Liquid Flow Patterns. -- 21.5 Method of Calculation. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 31. Batch Distillation. -- 31.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 31.1 Differential Distillation. -- 31.2 Binary Batch Rectification. -- 31.3 Batch Stripping and Complex Batch Distillation. -- 31.4 Effect of Liquid Holdup. -- 31.5 Shortcut Method for Batch Rectification. -- 31.6 Stage-by-Stage Methods for Batch Rectification. -- 31.7 Intermediate-cut Strategy. -- 31.8 Optimal Control by Variation of Reflux Ratio. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- PART 3 SEPARATIONS BY BARRIERS AND SOLID AGENTS. -- 41. Membrane Separations. -- 41.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 41.1 Membrane Materials. -- 41.2 Membrane Modules. -- 41.3 Transport in Membranes. -- 41.4 Dialysis. -- 41.5 Electrodialysis. -- 41.6 Reverse Osmosis. -- 41.7 Gas Permeation. -- 41.8 Pervaporation. -- 41.9 Membranes in Bioprocessing. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 51. Adsorption, Ion Exchange, Chromatography, and Electrophoresis. -- 51.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 51.1 Sorbents. -- 51.2 Equilibrium Considerations. -- 51.3 Kinetic and Transport Considerations. -- 51.4 Equipment for Sorption Systems. -- 51.5 Slurry and Fixed-Bed Adsorption Systems. -- 51.6 Continuous, Countercurrent Adsorption Systems. -- 51.7 Ion-Exchange Cycle. -- 51.8 Electrophoresis. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- PART 4 SEPARATIONS THAT INVOLVE A SOLID PHASE. -- 61. Leaching and Washing. -- 61.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 61.1 Equipment for Leaching. -- 61.2 Equilibrium-Stage Model for Leaching and Washing. -- 61.3 Rate-Based Model for Leaching. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- 71. Crystallization, Desublimation, and Evaporation. -- 71.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 71.1 Crystal Geometry. -- 71.2 Thermodynamic Considerations. -- 71.3 Kinetics and Mass Transfer. -- 71.4 Equipment for Solution Crystallization. -- 71.5 The MSMPR Crystallization Model. -- 71.6 Precipitation. -- 71.7 Melt Crystallization. -- 71.8 Zone Melting. -- 71.9 Desublimation. -- 71.01 Evaporation. -- 71.11 Bioproduct Crystallization. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises -- 81. Drying of Solids. -- 81.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 81.1 Drying Equipment. -- 81.2 Psychrometry. -- 81.3 Equilibrium-Moisture Content of Solids. -- 81.4 Drying Periods. -- 81.5 Dryer Models. -- 81.6 Drying of Bioproducts. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- PART 5 MECHANICAL SEPARATION OF PHASES. -- 91. Mechanical Phase Separations. -- 91.0 Instructional Objectives. -- 91.1 Separation-Device Selection. -- 91.2 Industrial Particle-Separator Devices. -- 91.3 Design of Particle Separators. -- 91.4 Design of Solid-Liquid Cake-Filtration Devices Based on Pressure Gradients. -- 91.5 Centrifuge Devices for Solid-Liquid Separations. -- 91.6 Wash Cycles. -- 91.7 Mechanical Separations in Biotechnology. -- Summary References Study Questions Exercises. -- Answers to Selected Exercises. -- Index

Textbooks ، Separation )Technology(

AU

AU Henley, Ernest J

AU Roper, D. Keith

TI