Globalization and health knowledges in the Philippines: Tuberculosis and the infectious other
[Thesis]
;supervisor Pugh, Judy F.
Michigan State University: United States -- Michigan
: 2008
183 pages
Ph.D.
, Michigan State University: United States -- Michigan
Allan Young (1982) asserts that "all knowledge of society and sickness is socially determined" and that we need "critical understanding of how medical facts are predetermined by the processes through which they are conventionally produced in clinics and research settings. Thus, the task at hand is not simply to demystify knowledge, but to critically examine the social conditions of knowledge production " (p.277). And if I may add, this is especially relevant in the era of globalization, where personal, local, national and international constructions of health are thrown into regular contact, and where actors at all levels negotiate these domains. How these diverse constructions interact and affect discourse, knowledge, and behavior is an important but not yet well-understood phenomenon.My preliminary research in Baguio City, Philippines revealed that knowledges of tuberculosis (TB) exist at three distinct levels of the health care system. TB prevention and control has a long history in the country as well as in the cleanest and greenest city frequented by foreigners and locals from uplands and lowlands. With the recent outbreak of meningococcemia, the image of Baguio City dramatically changed to a site of infection and the "politics of disease" began.By focusing on two infectious diseases, TB and meningococcemia, my research shall determine the re/production of health knowledges across three levels of the health care system: (1) policy makers and program managers, (2) health providers, and (3) persons affected by TB and the lay persons. My main research questions are: (1) How are disease knowledges constructed or contested by different key actors in the health care system, and beyond? (2) How does the "politics of disease," especially infectious ones, shed light on the understanding of globalization and health?My research methods were primarily ethnographic and qualitative. I analyzed my data by using both macro and micro perspectives. The discussion of the "politics" of meningococcemia, locally called ' meningo, ' provided an interesting lens for thinking about TB over time. Using the comparison of the two infectious diseases, I attempted to contribute to earlier theorizing about globalization and health. My research contributes to the nexus of the anthropologies of globalization, infectious disease, and public health. Apart from its contributions to anthropology, the dissertation positions basic research in anthropology at the core of contemporary scholarship.