عنوان
پدید آورنده
موضوع
رده
کتابخانه
محل استقرار
شماره کتابشناسی ملی
شماره
TLpq304090720
زبان اثر
زبان متن نوشتاري يا گفتاري و مانند آن
انگلیسی
عنوان و نام پديدآور
عنوان اصلي
Interactions of water, nutrient, and mulch on sorghum water use in a Sahelian agroecosystem
نام عام مواد
[Thesis]
نام نخستين پديدآور
C. G. L. Zaongo
نام ساير پديدآوران
A. S. R. W. Juo, C. W.
وضعیت نشر و پخش و غیره
نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره
Texas A&M University
تاریخ نشرو بخش و غیره
1993
مشخصات ظاهری
نام خاص و کميت اثر
195
یادداشتهای مربوط به پایان نامه ها
جزئيات پايان نامه و نوع درجه آن
Ph.D.
کسي که مدرک را اعطا کرده
Texas A&M University
امتياز متن
1993
یادداشتهای مربوط به خلاصه یا چکیده
متن يادداشت
In the Sahel region of Africa, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a major human food source. Due to scarce water resources and soil infertility efficient crop water use is a key challenge for sustainable crop production. The objectives of this study were to use supplemental irrigation, nutrient, and mulch to manipulate the system energy and soil water balance in order to improve crop water use efficiency and to integrate the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum water relationships into a mechanistic model capable of predicting soil evaporation and crop transpiration. The experiment site was located in Maradi, Niger. Soil physical, chemical, and hydrological properties were characterized, and water balance components (rainfall, soil evaporation, deep drainage, and changes of soil water storage), crop growth parameters (height, leaf area index, biomass production and root distribution), and relevant climatic parameters (temperatures, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) measured. Mulch reduced sensible flux between soil and air 3 to 5 times and soil long wave radiation emission 100 to 200 W m. Soil net radiation balance was reduced 220 to 350 W m, crop net radiation increased 60 to 100 W m, and soil evaporation reduced 22%. Mulch caused significant (P = 0.05) WUE(ET) increase (18%), and WUE(T) 6%. Nutrient significantly increased biomass production, crop transpiration 12%, increased WUE(ET) 11%, and WUE(T) 9%. Irrigation increased soil evaporation 24%, crop transpiration 5%, WUE(ET) 22% and WUE(T) 34%. It reduced the effect of mulch and nutrient on WUE(ET) and the effect of mulch on WUE(T) but improved the effect of nutrient on WUE(T). Interactions indicated that either irrigation or mulch significantly improved WUE(T) only with the other inputs. Grain water use efficiency was significantly improved by all factors. Results indicate that nutrient and soil evaporation control are required in water balance manipulation schemes for efficient crop water use in the Sahelian agroecosystem. The ENWATBAL model predicted soil evaporation of eight production systems with 5 to 15% error. This indicates that it can be a valuable tool for water balance studies in this region.
موضوع (اسم عام یاعبارت اسمی عام)
موضوع مستند نشده
Africa
موضوع مستند نشده
Agronomy
موضوع مستند نشده
Biological sciences
موضوع مستند نشده
Sorghum bicolor
نام شخص به منزله سر شناسه - (مسئولیت معنوی درجه اول )
مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده
A. S. R. W. Juo, C. W.
مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده
C. G. L. Zaongo
دسترسی و محل الکترونیکی
نام الکترونيکي
مطالعه متن کتاب وضعیت انتشار
فرمت انتشار
p
اطلاعات رکورد کتابشناسی
نوع ماده
[Thesis]
کد کاربرگه
276903
اطلاعات دسترسی رکورد
سطح دسترسي
a
تكميل شده
Y
