Firḍa (Ar., also furḍa ; Ott. Turk. ferde ) is a term used for several different personal taxes levied by the government in Ottoman Egypt and Syria. During the second half of the twelfth/eighteenth century, the firḍa is attested as one of many duties imposed on the peasantry by soldiers of the provincial governors (Shaw, Furḍa). In 1206/1791-2, Murād Bey and Ibrāhīm Bey, the joint de-facto rulers of Egypt between 1189/1775 and 1213/1798, used the term firḍat al-taḥrīr for a new levy to replace all
مجموعه
عنوان
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
شماره استاندارد بين المللي پياييندها
9789004356665
موضوع (اسم عام یاعبارت اسمی عام)
موضوع مستند نشده
Islam.
نام شخص به منزله سر شناسه - (مسئولیت معنوی درجه اول )