عنوان

Biological Control of Pest Grasshoppers with Fungal Entomopathogens

شماره

TL49502

زبان متن نوشتاري يا گفتاري و مانند آن

انگلیسی

عنوان اصلي

Biological Control of Pest Grasshoppers with Fungal Entomopathogens

نام عام مواد

[Thesis]

نام نخستين پديدآور

Wahid H. S. Dakhel

نام ساير پديدآوران

Latchininsky, Alexandre V.

نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره

University of Wyoming

تاریخ نشرو بخش و غیره

2016

نام خاص و کميت اثر

136

متن يادداشت

Committee members: Islam, Anowarul M.; Jaronski, Stefan T.; Legg, David; Waggoner, James

متن يادداشت

Place of publication: United States, Ann Arbor; ISBN=978-0-355-13399-8

جزئيات پايان نامه و نوع درجه آن

Ph.D.

نظم درجات

Renewable Resources

کسي که مدرک را اعطا کرده

University of Wyoming

امتياز متن

2016

متن يادداشت

Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) cause about 25 percent of the annual losses in available forages in the western United States (U.S). Biological control, or the use of microbial pathogens to control grasshopper pest infestations, is one of the leading alternatives to traditional chemical pesticides for crop and rangeland protection from these pests. Fungal pathogens are among the most commonly used agents in grasshopper biocontrol. Metarhizium acridum and Paranosema locustae are both fungal entomopathogens of grasshoppers. Another Metarhizium isolate, Metarhizium brunneum F52, has been registered in U.S., but for control of other insects. To assess the susceptibility of third instar nymphs of migratory grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes, different treatments with two pathogens, M. brunneum F52 and P. locustae were applied on wheat bran bait alone, or in combination, in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions with three specific objectives: 1) to evaluate the effect of P. locustae combined with M. brunneum F52 versus each pathogen alone for control M. sanguinipes nymphs in the laboratory; 2) to evaluate the effect of P. locustae combined with M. brunneum F52 versus each pathogen alone for control M. sanguinipes nymphs in the greenhouse conditions; 3) to evaluate the virulence (speed of action) of these two pathogens, alone and in combinations. The results indicated that treatment with combination of pathogens at high and low concentrations generated respectively 76.7% and 75% mortality in grasshoppers after two weeks of exposure under laboratory conditions. In contrast, lower mortality was observed at high and low concentrations of M. brunneum F52 alone - 68% and 15%, respectively. There was no mortality in grasshoppers treated with P. locustae alone two weeks post-treatment. In the greenhouse, where the grasshoppers were exposed to sunlight and could thermoregulate to inhibit the fungal infection, combination of the two pathogens at high and low concentrations resulted in grasshopper mortality of 50% and 60%, respectively. In comparison, grasshoppers treated with M. brunneum F52 alone at high and low concentrations resulted in 45% and 20% respective mortality two weeks post-treatment. P. locustae alone caused very low grasshopper mortality only 16 days post-treatment. In both experiments, based on the speed of lethal action, the combination of M. brunneum F52 with P. locustae was more virulent to grasshoppers compared to the treatments of each fungus alone. In addition, the lowest concentration of this pathogen combination treatment produced a synergistic effect on nymphal mortality under greenhouse conditions. The tested pathogens appear promising for developing a biopesticide formulation for rangeland pest grasshopper control.

موضوع مستند نشده

Biology; Entomology

اصطلاح موضوعی

Biological sciences;Entomopathogenic;Melanoplus sanguinipes;Metarhizium brunneum F52;Paranosema locustae;Pathogen combinations;Synergism

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Beckman, Daniel

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Latchininsky, Alexandre V.

تقسيم فرعي

Renewable Resources

مستند نام تنالگان تاييد نشده

University of Wyoming

شماره بازیابی

1938258038; 10248438

نام الکترونيکي

فرمت انتشار

p

نوع ماده

[Thesis]

کد کاربرگه

276903

سطح دسترسي

a

تكميل شده

Y