عنوان

Pharmacology of smooth muscle

شابک

3642789226

شابک

9783642789229

شماره

b554905

عنوان اصلي

Pharmacology of smooth muscle

نام عام مواد

[Book]

نام نخستين پديدآور

editors, Laszló Szekeres and Julius Gy. Papp ; contributors, M.L. Cohen [and others].

محل نشرو پخش و غیره

Berlin

نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره

Springer

تاریخ نشرو بخش و غیره

[2011]

نام خاص و کميت اثر

xxiv, 727 pages

متن يادداشت

Reprint of 1994 edition.

متن يادداشت

Effect of Drugs on the Coronary System.- References.- 18 Drugs Affecting the Cerebrovascular Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxation.- I. Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor.- II. EDRF and Cerebral Blood Vessels.- III. Pathophysiology.- C. Endothelium-Dependent Vasoconstriction.- I. Endothelium-Derived Constricting Factors.- II. EDCFs and Cerebral Blood Vessels.- III. Endothelin in Cerebral Blood Vessels.- IV. Unidentified EDCF in Cerebral Blood Vessels.- V. Pathophysiology.- D. Cerebrovascularly Acting Drugs.- I. Adrenoceptor Antagonists and Agonists.- II. Acetylcholine.- III. 5-HT and Its Receptor Antagonists.- IV. Neuropeptides.- 1. Neuropeptide Y.- 2. Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.- 3. Tachykinins.- 4. Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide.- 5. Miscellaneous Peptides.- V. Adenosine, Adenine Nucleotides and Related Drugs.- VI. Histamine and Its Antagonists.- VII. Thrombin.- VIII. Ca Antagonists.- IX. K-Channel Openers.- X. Prostanoids and Related Drugs.- References.- 19 Altered Responsiveness of Vascular Smooth Muscle to Drugs in Diabetes.- A. Introduction.- I. Atherosclerosis in Diabetes.- II. Microangiopathy in Diabetes.- III. Diabetic Vascular Smooth Muscle.- B. Altered Vascular Response in Diabetes.- I. History.- II. Localization.- III. Pathomechanism.- 1. Adrenergic Receptor.- 2. Vasoactive Mediators.- IV. Clinical Consequences.- C. Summary.- References.

متن يادداشت

General Comments on Vascular Responses.- III. Neuronal Receptors in Vascular Smooth Muscle.- IV. Serotonin Receptors Responsible for Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction.- V. Vascular Relaxation.- E. Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle.- I. Source of Serotonin.- II. General Comments on Gastrointestinal Responses.- III. Neuronal Receptors in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle.- IV. Esophageal Smooth Muscle.- V. Gastric Smooth Muscle.- VI. Ileal Smooth Muscle.- VII. Colonic Smooth Muscle.- F. Pulmonary Smooth Muscle.- G. Genitourinary Smooth Muscle.- I. Vas Deferens.- II. Bladder.- III. Prostate.- IV. Penile Smooth Muscle.- V. Uterine Smooth Muscle.- H. Summary.- References.- Section III: Pharmacological Agents and Smooth Muscle.- 10 Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscles.- A. Introduction.- B. Mechanisms of Electrical Behavior of GI Smooth Muscles.- I. Major Ionic Currents Identified in GI Smooth Muscles.- 1. Properties of Voltage-Dependent Ca2+ Currents.- 2. Properties of K+ Currents.- 3. Properties of Chloride Currents.- 4. Properties of Sodium Currents.- II. Contribution of Ionic Channels to Electrical Activity and Electromechanical Coupling.- 1. Pacemaker Currents.- C. Regulation of Ionic Currents by Agonists.- I. Regulation of Currents by Muscarinic Stimulation.- 1. Nonselective Cation Currents.- 2. Regulation of Calcium Currents.- 3. Regulation of Outward Currents.- II. Regulation of Currents by Adrenergic Stimulation.- III. Regulation of Currents by Nitrosovasodilators.- IV. Regulation of Currents by Peptides.- V. Regulation of Currents by K+ Channel Agonists.- D. Coupling Between Electrical Excitation and Contraction.- I. Relationship Between Ca2+ Current and [Ca2+]i.- II. Regulation of Ca2+ Influx by [Ca2+]i.- III. Relationship Between Electrical Activity and [Ca2+]i in Muscle Strips.- IV. Ca2+ and Metabolism.- V. Relationship Between [Ca2+]i and Force.- E. Role of Phosphatidyl Inositol Turnover.- I. Regulation Via IP3.- II. Role of Activators of Protein Kinase C.- F. Regulation of the Contractile Apparatus by Cyclic Nucleotides.- G. Summary.- References.- 11 Airway Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. Contractile Mechanisms.- I. Receptor-Operated Contraction.- II. Initiation.- III. Maintenance.- IV. Depolarisation-Induced Contraction.- V. Sources of Calcium Utilised During Contraction.- C. Relaxant Mechanisms.- I. Elevation of Cyclic AMP.- II. Elevation of Cyclic GMP.- III. Breakdown of cAMP and cGMP.- D. Calcium Removal Mechanisms.- I. Calcium Efflux Pump.- II. Sodium-Calcium Exchange.- III. Intracellular Calcium Removal Mechanisms.- IV. Calcium During Relaxation.- E. Effect of Drugs on Airway Smooth Muscle Function.- I. Drugs Acting Via Smooth Muscle Receptors.- 1. Adrenergic Agents.- 2. Muscarinic Agents.- 3. NANC System Neurotransmitters.- 4. Agents Acting on Guanylate Cyclase.- 5. Inflammatory Mediators/Epithelial Products.- II. Drugs Acting on Post-receptor Mechanisms.- 1. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors.- 2. Miscellaneous.- III. Drugs Acting on Cell Membrane Ion Transport.- 1. Calcium Channel Antagonists.- 2. Potassium Channel Activators.- 3. Others.- F. Conclusion.- References.- 12 Uterine Smooth Muscle: Electrophysiology and Pharmacology.- A. Introduction.- B. Electrical Activity of Myometrium.- I. Relationship Between Membrane Potential and Contraction.- II. Ion Channels: Identification and Modulation.- 1. Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels.- 2. Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels.- 3. Ligand-Gated Nonspecific Channels.- 4. Potassium Channels.- 5. Other Channels.- C. Contractile Activity of Myometrium.- I. Calcium Entry from the Extracellular Medium.- II. Calcium Release from the Intracellular Calcium Store.- 1. Agonist Effects on the Intracellular Calcium Store.- 2. Characteristics of the Intracellular Calcium Store.- 3. Relaxant Effects of Caffeine in Myometrium.- III. Phosphoinositide Cycle.- 1. Action of InsP3.- 2. Action of Phorbol Esters.- D. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 13 Effect of Potassium Channel Modulating Drugs on Isolated Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- I. Modulation of Potassium Channels: General Principles.- II. Mechanical Consequences of K-Channel Modulation.- 1. Plasmalemmal Effects.- 2. Other Intracellular Effects.- B. K-Channels in Smooth Muscle.- I. Voltage-Sensitive Channels.- 1. General Features of Activation and Inactivation.- 2. Channel Substructure.- 3. Voltage-Sensitive K-Channel Subtypes.- II. Calcium-Sensitive K-Channels.- 1. BKCa.- 2. SKCa.- 3. IKCa.- 4. KCa(o).- III. ATP-Sensitive K-Channels.- C. Modulators of Smooth Muscle K-Channels.- I. Synthetic K-Channel Openers.- 1. Chemical Classification.- 2. Effects on Smooth Muscle In Vitro.- 3. Effects on K-Channels.- II. Endogenous K-Channel Openers.- 1. Adenosine.- 2. Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide.- 3. Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarising Factor.- 4. Fatty Acids.- 5. Prostacyclin.- 6. Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.- 7. Adrenoceptor Agonists.- 8. Endogenous Relaxants: Involvement of K-Channels.- III. K-Channel Inhibitors.- 1. Inorganic Cations.- 2. Aminopyridines, TEA.- 3. Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents.- 4. Imidazoline-Guanidino Receptor Site Ligands.- 5. Toxins.- 6. Hypoglycaemic Agents.- 7. Calmodulin Antagonists.- D. Selectivity of Action.- References.- 14 Smooth Muscle of the Male Reproductive Tract.- A. Introduction.- B. Extrinsic Nerves.- C. External Reproductive Organs.- I. General Properties of the Smooth Muscle.- II. Adrenergic Mechanisms.- 1. ?-Adrenoceptors.- 2. ?-Adrenoceptors.- III. Cholinergic Mechanisms.- 1. Muscarinic Effects.- 2. Nicotinic Effects.- IV. Peptides.- 1. VIP.- V. l-Arginine Nitric Oxide Synthase Pathway.- 1. Background Constituted by the Inhibitory Factor Extracted from the Bovine Retractor Penis Muscle.- 2. Nitric Oxide Synthase and the Use of Its Inhibitors.- 3. Physiological Significance.- D. Internal Accessory Reproductive Organs.- I. General Properties of the Smooth Muscle.- II. Adrenergic Mechanisms.- 1. ?-Adrenoceptors.- 2. ?-Adrenoceptors and Their Significance.- III. Cholinergic Mechanisms.- 1. Excitatory Muscarinic Effects.- 2. Inhibitory Muscarinic Effects.- 3. Physiological Significance of Cholinergic Nerves.- IV. Peptides.- V. Cotransmission.- E. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 15 Urinary Tract.- A. Introduction.- B. Species Differences.- C. Anatomy and Physiology.- D. Innervation and Effects of Drugs.- I. Hypogastric Nerve.- II. Pelvic Nerve.- III. Modulators.- 1. Transmitters.- 2. Hormones.- 3. Prostaglandins and Others.- E. Smooth Muscle.- I. Membrane Excitability.- II. Calcium Channels.- III. Potassium Channels.- IV. Contractile Mechanism.- F. Clinical Considerations.- G. Conclusions.- References.- Section IV: Vascular System.- 16 Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Antihypertensive Agents, Ca-Antagonists and K-Channel Openers on Vascular Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. Classification of Ca-Antagonists and K-Channel Openers.- C. Ion Channels Distributed in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.- I. Ca Channels.- II. Na Channels.- III. K Channels.- 1. Ca-Dependent K Channels.- 2. ATP-Sensitive K Channels.- 3. A-Type Channels.- 4. Delayed K Channels.- 5. Other K Channels.- IV. Non-selective Cation Channels.- V. Cl Channels.- D. Actions of Ca-Antagonists on the Membrane of Smooth Muscle Cells.- E. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Actions of Ca-Antagonists on the Ca Channel.- F. Heterogeneity of the K Channel Targeted by K-Channel Openers.- G. Properties and Gating Mechanisms of the ATP-Sensitive K Channel.- I. Inhibition by ATP and Its Analogues.- II. Reactivation by ATP and Its Analogues.- H. Mechanisms of Action of K-Channel Openers on the ATP-Sensitive K Channel.- I. Conclusion.- References.- 17 Drug Effects on the Smooth Muscle of the Coronary System Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions.- A. Introduction.- B. Function of the Coronary System.- C. Changes Due to Pathological Conditions.- D.

متن يادداشت

Section I: General Aspects.- 1 Structure of Smooth Muscles.- A. Introduction.- B. Smooth Muscle Cells.- I. Cell Size.- II. Cell Membrane.- III. Caveolae.- IV. Cell Junctions.- V. Dense Bands.- VI. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum.- VII. Filaments.- 1. Myosin Filaments.- 2. Actin Filaments.- 3. Dense Bodies.- 4. Intermediate Filaments.- C. Smooth Muscle as a Tissue.- I. Non-muscle Cells.- II. Extracellular Materials.- D. Changeable Structure of Smooth Muscles.- I. Contraction.- II. Development.- III. Hypertrophy.- References.- 2 Ionic Channels in Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. Voltage-Operated Ca2+ Channel.- I- Type.- II. Ionic Selectivity.- III. Inactivation.- IV. Blocking Agents.- V. Intracellular ATP.- VI. pH Effect.- C. K+ Channel.- I. Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel.- II. ATP-Regulated Channel.- III. Fast-Inactivating K+(Kfi) Channel.- IV. Delayed Rectifying K+(Kdr) Channel.- V. Time-Independent K+(Kti) Channel.- VI. Inward-Rectifying K+(Kir) Channel.- D. Na+ Channel.- E. Cl- Channel.- I. Ca-Activated CP Channel.- II. Voltage-Dependent Channel.- References.- 3 Excitation-Contraction Coupling Mechanisms in Visceral Smooth Muscle Cells.- A. Introduction.- B. General Features of the Sarcolemmal Membrane in Relation to the Influx of Calcium.- I. Action Potentials Recorded by Microelectrode Methods.- 1. Action Potentials.- 2. Nerve-Mediated Responses.- II. Features of the Voltage-Dependent Ca Channel in Visceral Smooth Muscle Membranes Measured Using the Voltage- and Patch-Clamp Procedures.- III. Factors Modifying the Activity of the Voltage-Dependent Ca Channel.- 1. Ca Antagonists and Agonists.- 2. Dihydropyridine-Binding Protein (Ca Channel).- 3. K Channel Modifying Drugs.- 4. Endothelial Cell Releasing Factors.- IV. Receptor-Operated Ion Channel.- 1. General Features of the Receptor Structure.- 2. Neurotransmitter-Induced Changes in the Membrane Potential.- 3. Activation of the Receptor-Operated Ion Channel.- V. Mutual Relationship Between the Voltage-Dependent and Receptor-Activated Ion Channels.- VI. Factors Modifying the Mechanical Responses with No Change in the Ca Concentration.- VII. Ca Influx Induced by a Reversed Na-Ca Exchange Diffusion Mechanism.- VIII. Ca Influx Induced by Stretch.- C. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum as a Cytosolic Calcium Regulator in Visceral Smooth Muscles.- I. Release of Ca from the SR as Estimated from the Ca Transient and Contraction.- II. Role of the SR in Relation to the Release of Ca.- 1. Caffeine-Induced and IP3-Induced Ca Release.- 2. Release of Ca from the SR Deduced from the Ca-Dependent K Current.- 3. Receptor Proteins of the Ca-Release Channel.- D. Actions of Calcium on Contractile Proteins.- I. Ca-Binding Proteins.- II. Myosin Phosphorylation Model for Smooth Muscle Contraction.- III. Actin-Regulating Mechanisms in Smooth Muscle.- 1. Caldesmon.- 2. Calponin.- IV. Roles of Calcium as Estimated from Mechanical Responses.- V. Pharmacology of Ca-Dependent Protein Phosphorylation.- E. Conclusion.- References.- Section II: Endogenous Substances and Smooth Muscle.- 4 Eicosanoids and Smooth Muscle Function.- A. Introduction.- B. Cellular Aspects of Formation and Action of Eicosanoids in Smooth Muscle Cells.- I. Control of Local Eicosanoids Levels.- 1. Phospholipases and Arachidonic Acid Liberation.- 2. Control of Enzyme Mass.- 3. Circulating Hormones and Chemical Messengers.- II. Additional Sources of Eicosanoids for Smooth Muscle.- 1. Endothelial/Epithelial Cells.- 2. Platelets.- 3. Leukocytes.- III. Signal Transduction Pathways in Smooth Muscle Cells.- 1. Eicosanoid Receptors.- 2. G Proteins.- 3. Phosphoinositol Metabolism, Protein Kinase C, and Cytosolic Ca2+.- 4. Cyclic Nucleotide Related Pathways.- 5. Ionic Channels.- C. Eicosanoids and Smooth Muscle Function.- I. Cyclooxygenase Products.- 1. Prostaglandin Endoperoxides.- 2. Prostaglandin D2.- 3. Prostaglandin E2.- 4. Prostaglandin F2?.- 5. Prostaglandin I2.- 6. Thromboxane A2.- II. Leukotriene Pathways.- 1. Leukotriene B4.- 2. Cysteinyl Leukotrienes.- III. Other Lipoxygenase Products.- 1. 5-Hydro(pero)xyeicosatetraenoic Acid.- 2. 12-Hydro(pero)xyeicosatetraenoic Acid.- 3. 15-Hydro(pero)xyeicosatetraenoic Acid.- 4. Lipoxins.- 5. Hepoxilins.- IV. Monooxygenase Pathways.- D. Eicosanoids and Smooth Muscle Dysfunction.- I. Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation.- II. Smooth Muscle Tone in Pathologic Situations.- 1. Arterial Vasospasm.- 2. Bronchospasm.- E. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 5 Angiotensin, the Kinins, and Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. Renin-Angiotensin System.- I. Effects of Angiotensin on the Cardiovascular System and on Smooth Muscles.- II. Receptor Characterization: Pharmacological Assays.- III. Receptor Characterization by the Binding.- IV. Cloning and Expression of the Angiotensin Receptor.- V. Mechanism of Action of Angiotensin: Second Messenger(s).- C. Kallikrein-Kinin System.- I. Mechanism of Action of Bradykinin: Second Messenger(s).- References.- 6 Effect of Histamine on Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. The Gastrointestinal Tract.- I. Activity of the Esophagus.- II. Action on the Stomach.- III. Action on the Intestine.- IV. Action on the Gallbladder.- V. Conclusion.- C. The Genitourinary Tract.- I. Action on the Ureter, Bladder and Penile Tissue.- II. Action on the Uterus.- D. The Cardiovascular System.- I. Overview and Historical Background.- II. Aorta.- III. Coronary Vessels.- IV. Cerebral Vessels.- V. Pulmonary Vessels.- VI. Portal, Mesenteric and Renal Vessels.- VII. Vascular Physiopathology.- E. Pulmonary Tract.- I. Introductory Notes.- II. Effects of Histamine on Airway Smooth Muscle.- F. Concluding Remarks.- References.- 7 Angiohypotensin.- A. Introduction.- B. Angiohypotensin in Human and Mammalian Sera.- C. Inhibition by Angiohypotensin of the Release of Noradrenaline to Field Stimulation in Vascular Smooth Muscle.- D. Angiohypotensin in Pig and Bovine Liver.- E. Hypotensive Effect of Moderately Purified Angiohypotensin Preparations in Anaesthetized Animals.- F. Blood Pressure Reducing Effect of Highly Purified Angiohypotensin Preparations in Anaesthetized Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat (SHR Strain).- G. Blood Pressure Reducing Effect of Highly Purified Angiohypotensin Preparations in Freely Moving Awake, Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and in Their Normotensive Control Peers.- H. Working Hypothesis of Angiohypotensin As a Major Regulator of Peripheral Vascular Resistance.- I. Summary and Conclusion.- References.- 8 Neuropeptides (Neurokinins, Bombesin, Neurotensin, Cholecystokinins, Opioids) and Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- I. Receptors for Neuropeptides.- II. Smooth Muscle as Target for Neuropeptides.- III. Neuropeptide Receptors in Smooth Muscle.- IV. Neuropeptide Metabolism.- B. Substance P and Related Neurokinins.- I. Biological Activity of Neurokinins In Vivo.- II. Neurokinin-Receptor Activity in Isolated Smooth Muscles In Vitro.- III. Mechanisms of Action of Neurokinins: Mediators and Second Messengers.- C. Gastrin-Releasing Peptides and Neuromedins B.- I. Biological Activity of Bombesin-Related Peptides In Vivo and In Vitro.- II. Second Messengers of Bombesin Receptors.- D. Neurotensin.- I. Biological Activity of Neurotensin In Vivo.- II. Pharmacological Effects of Neurotensin In Vitro: Receptor Characterization.- III. Mechanism of Action of Neurotensin and Second Messengers.- E. Cholecystokinin.- I. Biological Activity of Cholecystokinin In Vivo.- II. Activity of Cholecystokinin In Vitro.- III. Mechanism of Action of CCK and Second Messengers.- F. Opioids.- I. Biological Activity of Opioids In Vivo.- II. Effects of Opioids In Vitro.- III. Characterization of Opioid Receptors by Endogenous Agonists, Antagonists and Selective Analogues.- IV. Mechanism of Action of Opioids on Smooth Muscle and Second Messengers Involved.- References.- 9 Serotonin and Smooth Muscle.- A. Introduction.- B. History.- C. Serotonin Receptor Identification and Classification.- D. Vascular Smooth Muscle.- I. Source of Serotonin.- II.

موضوع مستند نشده

Smooth muscle -- Effect of drugs on.

موضوع مستند نشده

Smooth muscle -- Physiology.

شماره رده

نشانه اثر

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

editors, Laszló Szekeres and Julius Gy. Papp ; contributors, M.L. Cohen [and others].

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

J Gy Papp

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

L Szekeres

نام الکترونيکي

نوع ماده

[Book]

تكميل شده

Y