1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Stem Cells -- 1.3 The Extracellular Matrix -- 1.4 hPSC Culture on Biomaterials -- 1.5 hPSC Differentiation on Biomaterials -- 1.6 Biomaterials Control hPS Cell Differentiation Fate -- 1.7 Stem Cell Therapy Using Biomaterials -- References -- Chapter 2. Adult Stem Cell Culture on Extracellular Matrices and Natural Biopolymers -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Chemical and Biological Interactions of ECM Proteins and Stem Cells -- 2.3 Collagen -- 2.3.1 Collagen Type I Scaffold -- 2.3.2 Organic Hybrid Scaffold Made of Collagen Type I2.3.3 Scaffolds Using Collagen Type II and Type III -- 2.3.4 Hybrid Collagen Scaffold Using Inorganic Materials -- 2.3.5 Collagen Scaffolds Immobilized Antibody Targeting Stem Cells -- 2.3.6 Differentiation into Endoderm and Ectoderm Lineages Using Collagen Scaffolds -- 2.4 Gelatin -- 2.4.1 Gelatin Hydrogels and Scaffolds -- 2.4.2 Gelatin Hybrid Scaffolds -- 2.5 Laminin -- 2.6 Fibronectin -- 2.7 Vitronectin -- 2.8 Fibrin -- 2.9 Decellularized ECM -- 2.10 Biomaterials with ECM-mimicking Oligopeptides -- 2.10.1 MS Cell Differentiation on Self-assembled ECM-peptide Nanofibers2.10.2 Osteogenic Induction on ECM-peptide Immobilized Dishes and Scaffolds -- 2.10.3 Chondrogenic Induction on ECM-peptide Immobilized Dishes and Scaffolds -- 2.10.4 Neural Induction on ECM-peptide Immobilized Dishes and Scaffolds -- 2.11 Biomaterials with N-Cadherin Mimicking Oligopeptides -- 2.12 Conclusion and Future Perspective -- References
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Chapter 3. Feeder-free and Xeno-free Culture of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells on Biomaterials -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Analysis of the Pluripotency of hPS Cells -- 3.3 2D Cultivation of hPS Cells on Biomaterials3.3.1 hPS Cell Cultivation on ECM-immobilized Surfaces in 2D -- 3.3.2 hPS Cell Cultivation on Oligopeptide-immobilized Surfaces in 2D -- 3.3.3 hPS Cell Cultivation on a Recombinant E-cadherin Surface in 2D -- 3.3.4 hPS Cell Cultivation on Biomaterials Immobilized with Polysaccharide in 2D -- 3.3.5 hPS Cell Cultivation on Synthetic Biomaterials in 2D -- 3.4 Three-dimensional Cultivation of hPS Cells on Biomaterials -- 3.4.1 The 3D Cultivation of hPS Cells on Microcarriers -- 3.4.2 The 3D Cultivation of hPS Cells Embedded in Hydrogels (Microcapsules) -- 3.5 hPS Cell Cultivation on PDL-coated Dishes with Small Molecules3.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4. Differentiation Fates of Human ES and iPS Cells Guided by Physical Cues of Biomaterials -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Induction Protocols of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells -- 4.2.1 EB Formation -- 4.2.2 Induction of hPS Cells by EB Generation -- 4.2.3 Induction of hPS Cells Seeded on Materials Directly -- 4.3 Physical Cues of Materials in hPS Cell Induction -- 4.3.1 Effect of Elasticity of Cell Cultivation Biomaterials on Stem Cell Induction -- 3.2 Topographic Effects of Biomaterials on the Differentiation Fates of hPS Cells -- 4.3.3 Stem Cell Induction on Nanofibers -- 4.3.4 Effect of Electrical and Mechanical -- Forces of Biomaterials on Induction Fate of hPS Cells -- 4.4 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References
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Chapter 5. Biomaterial Control of Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Induction of hPS Cells into Neural Lineages -- 5.2.1 Stromal-induced Differentiation into Neural Lineages -- 5.2.2 Induction into Neural Lineages Through EB Generation -- 5.2.3 Direct Induction into Neural Lineages on Materials with No EB Generation -- 5.2.4 Effect of Cell Cultivation Materials on hPS Cell Induction into Neural Lineages -- 5.3 Induction of hPS Cells into Cardiomyocytes -- 5.3.1 Efficient Protocols for Inducing hPS -- Cells into Cardiomyocyte -- 5.3.2 Effect of Cell Cultivation Materials on hPS Cell Induction into Cardiomyocytes -- 5.4 Induction into Hepatocytes -- 5.4.1 Efficient Protocols for hPS Cell Induction into Hepatocytes on Materials -- 5.4.2 3D Cultivation Facilitates the Induction of hPS Cells into Hepatocytes -- 5.4.3 Effect of Cell Culture Biomaterials on hPS Cell Differentiation into Hepatocytes -- 5.5 Differentiation into Insulin-secreting b Cells -- 5.6 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References
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Chapter 6. Clinical Trials of Stem Cell Therapies Using Biomaterials -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Stem Cell Therapy for Myocardial Infarction (MI) in Clinical Trials -- 6.2.1 Clinical Therapies for MI Using hES cells -- 6.2.2 Clinical Therapy for MI Using Fetal and Adult Stem Cells -- 6.2.3 Future Trends of MI Therapy Using Stem Cells -- 6.3 Stem Cell Therapy for Macular Degeneration Disease in Clinical Trials -- 6.3.1 Macular Degeneration Diseases and Eye Structure -- 6.3.2 Bioengineering in Stem Cell Therapies for Macular Degeneration Diseases -- 6.3.3 Biomaterial Assists in the Therapies for Macular Degeneration Diseases -- 6.3.4 Bioengineering for Clinical Trials Using hES Cell-derived RPE Cells -- 6.3.5 Bioengineering for Clinical Trials Using hiPS Cell-derived RPE Sheets -- 6.3.6 Bioengineering for Clinical Trials Using Adult Stem Cells -- 6.3.7 Clinical Trials Using Fetal Stem Cells -- 6.3.8 Future Perspectives of Stem Cell Therapy for Macular Degeneration Diseases -- References -- Chapter 7. Conclusions and Future Perspective on Biomaterial Control of Therapeutic Stem Cells.
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
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Using this book, the reader will gain a robust overview of current research and a clearer understanding of the status of clinical trials for stem cell therapies.