Customs dues, historical - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
نام عام مواد
[Article]
نام نخستين پديدآور
Darling, Linda T.
وضعیت نشر و پخش و غیره
محل نشرو پخش و غیره
Leiden
نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره
Brill
يادداشت کلی
متن يادداشت
(751 words)
یادداشتهای مربوط به خلاصه یا چکیده
متن يادداشت
Customs dues or duties (Arabic maks , pl. mukūs > Aramaic maks ; Persian bāj, kurūj , or gumruk; Turkish gümrük > Latin commercio , Greek kommerkion ) in the premodern Islamic world were taxes or tolls on imports and exports paid at major ports and on caravan routes. These were customary taxes, not prescribed by Islamic law; purists therefore considered them illegal, but they were legitimated as alms (zakāt) or a tithe (ʿushr) , which were in accordance with Islamic law. Customs dues existed in pre-Islamic times and were not much different under Muslim
مجموعه
عنوان
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
شماره استاندارد بين المللي پياييندها
9789004356665
موضوع (اسم عام یاعبارت اسمی عام)
موضوع مستند نشده
Islam.
نام شخص به منزله سر شناسه - (مسئولیت معنوی درجه اول )