یادداشتهای مربوط به کتابنامه ، واژه نامه و نمایه های داخل اثر
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
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Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1: Introduction; 2: How Physical and Chemical Information Predicts the Action of Molecules: A Historical Overview; 2.1 A Definition for Pharmacology and Toxicology; 2.2 Entities Do Not Act Unless Attached; 2.3 The Language of Chemical Attachment; 2.3.1 Principles and Equations that Define Attachment Quantitatively; 2.3.2 Graphical Display and Analysis of Receptor Binding Interactions; 2.4 Types of Drugs and Their Actions; 2.4.1 Attachment Is Not Always Reversible
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2.4.2 The Chemical Basis of Attachments2.4.3 Other Attachments in Pharmacology and Physiology; 2.4.3.1 Attachment to enzymes; 2.4.3.2 Attachment to channels and transporters; 2.4.3.3 Attachment to antibodies; 2.4.3.4 Attachment to nucleic acids; 2.4.3.5 Attachment via chelation; 2.4.4 Diverse Receptors for Toxic Agents; 2.4.4.1 Toxins that attach to receptors; 2.4.4.2 Toxins that attach to enzymes; 2.4.4.3 Toxins that attach to ion channels or transporters; 2.4.4.4 Toxins that attach to DNA; 2.4.4.5 Toxins that generate attachments; 2.4.4.6 Metal ion attachment, chelation, and toxicity
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2.4.5 What about Attachment in the Case of Particle Toxicity?3: Physicochemical Characterization: From Molecules to Particles; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Origins of Physicochemical Properties; 3.3 Intermolecular Interactions; 3.3.1 Quantum-Mechanical Interactions; 3.3.2 Electrostatic Interactions; 3.3.2.1 Charge-charge interactions; 3.3.2.2 Charge-dipole interactions; 3.3.2.3 Dipole-dipole interactions (Keesom interactions); 3.3.3 Polarization Interactions; 3.3.3.1 Ion-induced dipole interactions; 3.3.3.2 Dipole-induced dipole interactions (Debye interactions)
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3.3.3.3 Induced dipole-induced dipole interactions (London interactions)3.3.4 Complex Molecular Systems; 3.4 Particle-Molecule Interactions; 3.4.1 Interactions Governing the Physical Adsorption of Molecules to Particle Surfaces; 3.4.2 Interactions Governing Particle Surface Wettability; 3.5 Particle-Particle Interactions; 3.5.1 Van der Waals Interactions; 3.5.2 Macroscopic Continuum Approach to van der Waals Attraction; 3.5.3 Electrostatic Interactions; 3.5.4 Coulombic/Static Electric Effects; 3.5.5 Ion Electrostatics; 3.5.6 Hydrophobic (Solvation) Interactions
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3.5.7 Hydration (Solvation) Interactions3.5.8 Steric Interactions; 3.6 Collective and Complex Interparticle Interactions; 3.6.1 The Particle Peclet Number; 3.7 Principles of Physicochemical Characterization; 3.8 Interactions, Dependencies, and Hierarchy; 3.9 Characterizing for Purpose and Not for Endpoint: The Fit-for-Purpose Criterion; 3.10 Reporting; 3.11 Standard Methods and Reference Materials; 3.12 Physicochemical Characterization: From Molecules to Particles; 3.13 Review of Select Physicochemical Properties: Molecules; 3.13.1 Flammability, Corrosivity, and Oxidizing Ability
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"Throughout human history, we have long encountered the combination of promise, risk, and uncertainty that accompanies emerging technologies. Nanotechnology is a recent example of an emerging technology that promises to drastically improve existing products as well as allow for creative development of new goods and services. This new technology also has its potential downsides. Industry, academia, and regulatory agencies are all working overtime to assess risks accurately while keeping up with the pace of development. Subtle changes in the physicochemical properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) can influence their toxicity and behavior in the environment and so can be used to help control potential ENM risks. This book attempts to encompass the state of the science regarding physicochemical characterization of ENMs. It illuminates the effort to understand these properties and how they may be used to ensure safe ENM deployment in existing or future materials and products."--Provided by publisher.