عنوان

Randomization in clinical trials :

شابک

1118742117

شابک

111874215X (Adobe PDF)

شابک

1118742370 (ePub)

شابک

9781118742112

شابک

9781118742150 (Adobe PDF)

شابک

9781118742372 (ePub)

شابک اشتباه

1118742249 (cloth)

شابک اشتباه

9781118742242 (cloth)

شماره

dltt

عنوان اصلي

Randomization in clinical trials :

نام عام مواد

[Book]

ساير اطلاعات عنواني

theory and practice /

نام نخستين پديدآور

William F. Rosenberger, John M. Lachin

نام خاص و کميت اثر

1 online resource

عنوان فروست

Wiley series in probability and statistics

متن يادداشت

Includes bibliographical references and indexes

متن يادداشت

Randomization and the Clinical Trial -- Introduction -- Causation and Association -- Randomized Clinical Trials -- Ethics of Randomization -- Problems -- References -- Issues in the Design of Clinical Trials -- Introduction -- Study Outcomes -- Sources of Bias -- Selection and ascertainment bias -- Statistical analysis philosophy -- Losses to follow-up and noncompliance -- Covariates -- Experimental Design -- Recruitment and Follow-Up -- Determining the Number of Randomized Subjects -- Development of the main formula -- Example -- Survival trials -- Adjustment for noncompliance -- Additional considerations -- Problems -- References -- Randomization for Balancing Treatment Assignments -- Introduction -- Complete Randomization -- Forced Balance Procedures -- Random allocation rule -- Truncated binomial design -- Hadamard randomization -- Maximal procedure -- Forced Balance Randomization Within Blocks -- Permuted block design -- Random block design -- Efron's Biased Coin Design -- Other Biased Coin Designs and Generalizations -- Wei's Urn Design -- Other urn Models and Generalizations -- Comparison of Balancing Properties -- Restricted Randomization for Unbalanced Allocation -- K>2 Treatments -- Problems -- References -- Appendix -- The Effects of Unobserved Covariates -- Introduction -- A Bound on the Probability of a Covariate -- Simulation Results -- Accidental Bias -- Maximum Eigenvalue of Σt -- Accidental Bias for Biased Coin Designs -- Chronological Bias -- Problems -- References -- Appendix -- Selection Bias -- Introduction -- The BlackweD-Hodges Model -- Predictability of a Randomization Sequence -- Selection Bias for the Random Allocation Rule and Truncated Binomial Design -- Selection Bias in a Permuted Block Design -- Permuted blocks using the random allocation rule -- Permuted blocks with truncated binomial randomization -- Random block design -- Conclusions -- Selection Bias for Other Restricted Randomization Procedures -- Efron's biased coin design -- Wei's urn design -- Smith's design -- Simulation Results -- Controlling and Testing for Selection Bias in Practice -- Problems -- References -- Appendix -- Randomization as a Basis for Inference -- Introduction -- The Population Model -- The Randomization Model -- Randomization Tests -- Linear Rank Tests -- Variance of the Linear Rank Test -- Optimal Rank Scores -- Exact and Large-Sample Randomization Tests -- Computation of exact tests -- Large sample randomization tests -- Monte Carlo Re-Randomization Tests -- Unconditional tests -- Example -- Conditional tests -- Preservation of Error Rates -- Regression Modeling -- Analyses with Missing Data -- Sample Size Considerations for Random Sample Fractions -- Group Sequential Monitoring -- Establishing a stopping boundary -- Information fraction -- Problems -- References -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Stratification -- Introduction -- Stratified Randomization -- Is Stratification Necessary? -- Treatment Imbalances in Stratified Trials -- Stratified Analysis Using Randomization Tests -- Efficiency of Stratified Randomization in a Stratified Analysis -- Conclusions -- Problems -- References -- Restricted Randomization in Practice -- Introduction -- Stratification -- Characteristics of Randomization Procedures -- Consideration of selection bias -- Implications for analysis -- Selecting a Randomization Procedure -- Choosing parameter values -- Comparing procedures -- Conclusions -- Generation of Sequences -- Implementation -- Packaging and labeling -- The actual randomization -- Special Situations -- Some Examples -- The optic neuritis treatment trial -- Vesnarinone in congestive heart failure -- The diabetes control and complications trial -- Captopril in diabetic nephropathy -- The diabetes prevention program -- Scleral buckling versus primary vitrectomy in retinal detachment (The SPR Study) -- Problems -- References -- Covariate-Adaptive Randomization -- Early Work -- Zelen's rule -- The Pocock-Simon procedure -- Example: Adjuvant chemotherapy for locally invasive bladder cancer -- Wei's marginal urn design -- Is marginal balance sufficient? -- Is randomization necessary? -- More Recent Covariate-Adaptive Randomization Procedures -- Balancing within strata -- Balancing with respect to continuous covariates -- Optimal Design Based on a Linear Model -- The Trade-Off Among Balance, Efficiency, and Ethics -- Inference for Covariate-Adaptive Randomization -- Model-based inference -- Randomization-based inference -- Conclusions -- Problems -- References -- Response-Adaptive Randomization -- Introduction -- Historical Notes -- Roots in bandit problems -- Roots in sequential stopping problems -- Roots in randomization -- Optimal Allocation -- Response-Adaptive Randomization to Target R* -- Sequential maximum likelihood procedure -- Doubly adaptive biased coin design -- Example -- Efficient randomized-adaptive design -- Urn Models -- The generalized Friedman's urn model -- The randomized play-the-winner rule -- Designs to target any allocation -- Ternary urn models -- Klein urn -- Treatment Effect Mappings -- Covariate-Adjusted Response-Adaptive Randomization -- Problems -- References -- Appendix -- Inference for Response-Adaptive Randomization -- Introduction -- Population-Based Inference -- The likelihood -- Sufficiency -- Bias of the maximum likelihood estimators -- Confidence interval procedures -- Power -- The relationship between power and the variability of the design -- Asymptotically best procedures -- Response-adaptive randomization and sequential monitoring -- Randomization-Based Inference -- Problems -- References -- Response-Adaptive Randomization in Practice -- Basic Assumptions -- Bias, Masking, and Consent -- Logistical Issues -- Selection of A Procedure -- Benefits of Response-Adaptive Randomization -- Some Examples -- The extracorporeal membrane oxygenation trial -- The fluoxetine trial -- Conclusions -- Problems -- References

بدون عنوان

0

عنوان

Randomization in clinical trials

شماره استاندارد بين المللي کتاب و موسيقي

9781118742242

موضوع مستند نشده

Clinical trials.

موضوع مستند نشده

Sampling (Statistics)

موضوع مستند نشده

HEA-- 012000

موضوع مستند نشده

HEA-- 020000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 004000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 029000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 040000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 092000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 101000

موضوع مستند نشده

MED-- 109000

شماره

ويراست

شماره رده

شماره رده

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Rosenberger, William F.

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Lachin, John M.,1942-

مستند نام تنالگان تاييد نشده

Ohio Library and Information Network.

تاريخ عمليات

20160603085518.3

قواعد فهرست نويسي ( بخش توصيفي )

rda

نام الکترونيکي

نوع ماده

[Book]

تكميل شده

Y