عنوان

The Stratospheric Aerosol Layer

شابک

9783642817571

شابک

9783642817595

شماره

b407676

عنوان اصلي

The Stratospheric Aerosol Layer

نام عام مواد

[Book]

نام نخستين پديدآور

edited by Robert C. Whitten.

محل نشرو پخش و غیره

Berlin, Heidelberg :

نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره

Springer Berlin Heidelberg,

تاریخ نشرو بخش و غیره

1982.

عنوان فروست

Topics in Current Physics,

مشخصه جلد

28

شاپا ي ISSN فروست

0342-6793 ;

متن يادداشت

1. Introduction -- 1.1 General Discussion -- 1.2 Influence on Climate -- 1.3 Microphysical Processes -- References -- 2. Observations -- 2.1 Measurements of Precursor Gases in the Stratosphere -- 2.2 Aircraft and Balloon Measurement of Aerosol Properties -- 2.3 Lidar Measurements -- 2.4 Satellite Observations -- References -- 3. The Chemical Kinetics of Aerosol Formation -- 3.1 Chemical Origin -- 3.2 Nucleation -- 3.3 Nucleation Mechanisms in the Stratosphere -- 3.4 Growth and Heterogeneous Reactions -- 3.5 Conclusions -- References -- 4. Models of Stratospheric Aerosols and Dust -- 4.1 Overview -- 4.2 The Generalized Aerosol Continuity Equation -- 4.3 Aerosol Models -- 4.4 Models of Upper Atmospheric Dust -- 4.5 Anthropogenic Perturbations of the Aerosols -- 4.6 Conclusions -- References -- 5. Stratospheric Aerosols and Climate -- 5.1 Background -- 5.2 Statistical Relations Between Volcanic Explosions and Climatic Changes -- 5.3 Theoretical Relationships Between Volcanic Explosions and Climate -- 5.4 Studies of Anthropogenic Alterations of the Stratospheric Aerosol Layer -- 5.5 Summary -- References.

بدون عنوان

0

متن يادداشت

It is now a quarter of a century since Junge and his coworkers recovered the first sample from the sulfate aerosol layer in the stratosphere. Since that time vast strides have been made in determining its physical properties and morphology. These investigations have been performed with instruments on board aircraft and balloon platforms as in the early days, with ground-based lidar (optical radar), and most recently with satellite-borne optical instruments. It will become evident in Chapter 2 that in situ measurements by aircI'aft and ,balloon sensors complement rather than duplicate the remote techniques (lidar and satellite). Hence future programs will probably continue to utilize direct as well as indirect experimental techniques. Concurrently, with the observations of the gross properties of the aerosol layer, la~oratory and theoretical studies have sought to elucidate the chemical and micro physical processes which influence the formation and growth of the aerosol par ticles. The laboratory investigations have included studies of gas phase chemistry, and particle nucleation and growth mechanisms. Theoretical studies have revolved mainly around a series of models developed by atmospheric scientists. The earliest of these models was constructed by Junge and his colleagues. With the advent of third- and fourth-generation computers, the capacity to solve the quite complex continuity equations whi~h govern particle formation, growth, and removal has ad vanced to the point where most of the particle properties can be simulated with reasonable confidence.

شماره استاندارد بين المللي کتاب و موسيقي

9783642817595

عنوان

Springer eBooks

عنوان اصلي به زبان ديگر

With contributions by numerous experts

موضوع مستند نشده

Geography.

موضوع مستند نشده

Meteorology.

موضوع مستند نشده

Physical geography.

مستند نام اشخاص تاييد نشده

Whitten, Robert C.

مستند نام تنالگان تاييد نشده

SpringerLink (Online service)

تاريخ عمليات

20190307162400.0

نام الکترونيکي

نوع ماده

[Book]

تكميل شده

Y