عنوان

The science of conjecture :evidence and probability before Pascal

عنوان اصلي

The science of conjecture :evidence and probability before Pascal

محل نشرو پخش و غیره

Baltimore

نام ناشر، پخش کننده و غيره

Johns Hopkins University Press

متن يادداشت

Includes bibliographical references and index

متن يادداشت

James Franklin

متن يادداشت

Machine generated contents note: 1. The Ancient Law of Proof i -- Egypt and Mesopotamia i; The Talmud 3; Roman Law: Proof and -- Presumptions 7; Indian Law io -- 2. The Medieval Law of Evidence: Suspicion, Half-proof, -- and Inquisition 21 -- Dark Age Ordeals I2; The Gregorian Revolution I4; The Glossators -- Invent Half-proof 5; Presumptions in Canon Law 02; Grades of -- Evidence and Torture 42; The Postglossators Bartolus and Baldus: -- The Completed Theory 82; The Inquisition 33; Law in the East 73 -- 3. Renaissance Law 04 -- Henry VIII Presumed Wed 04; Tudor Treason Trials 14; Continental -- Law: The Treatises on Presumptions 34; The Witch Inquisitors 74; -- English Legal Theory and the Reasonable Man 85 -- 4. The Doubting Conscience and Moral Certainty 46 -- Penance and Doubts 56; The Doctrine of Probabilism 96; Suarez: -- Negative and Positive Doubt 67; Grotius, Silhon, and the Morality of -- the State 97; Hobbes and the Risk of Attack 8; The Scandal of Lax- -- ism 38; English Casuists Pursue the Middle Way 48; Juan Caramuel -- Lobkowitz, Prince of Laxists 88; Pascal's Provincial Letters 49 -- 5 Rhetoric, Logic, Theory o20 -- The Greek Vocabulary of Probability I30; The Sophists Sell the Art -- of Persuasion o4; Aristotle's Rhetoric and Logic io9; The Rhetoric to -- Alexander II4; Roman Rhetoric: Cicero and Quintilian II6; Islamic -- Logic 02o; The Scholastic Dialectical Syllogism 12; Probability in -- Ordinary Language 62; Humanist Rhetoric 721; Late Scholastic -- Logics 921 -- 6. Hard Science I3I -- Observation and Theory I23; Aristotle's Not-by-Chance Argument -- '33; Averaging of Observations in Greek Astronomy 43; The Sim- -- plicity of Theories 831; Nicole Oresme on Relative Frequency i04; -- Copernicus 54; Kepler Harmonizes Observations I74; Galileo on the -- Probability of the Coperican Hypothesis I45 -- 7. Soft Science and History 261 -- The Physiognomics 261; Divination and Astrology 461; The Empiric -- School of Medicine on Drug Testing i56; The Talmud and Mai- -- monides on Majorities 271; Vernacular Averaging and Quality Control -- I57; Experimentation in Biology I77; The Authority of Histories 08; -- The Authenticity of Documents I48; Valla and the Donation of Constan- -- tine 781; Cano on the Signs of True Histories 291 -- 8. Philosophy: Action and Induction 591 -- Careades's Mitigated Skepticism 691; The Epicureans on Inference -- from Signs 002; Inductive Skepticism and Avicenna's Reply 202; -- Aquinas on Tendencies 302; Scotus and Ockham on Induction 602; -- Nicholas of Autrecourt 2o0; The Decline of the West 612; Bacon and -- Descartes: Certainty? or Moral Certainty? 72; The Jesuits and Hobbes -- on Induction 222; Pascal's Deductivist Philosophy of Science 422 -- 9. Religion: Laws of God, Laws of Nature 822 -- The Argument from Design 822; The Church Fathers 032; Inductive -- Skepticism by Revelation 232; John of Salisbury 332; Maimonides on -- Creation 532; Are Laws of Nature Necessary? 732; The Reasonable- -- ness of Christianity 242; Pascal's Wager 942 -- io. Aleatory Contracts: Insurance, Annuities, and Bets 852 -- The Price of Peril 952; Doubtful Claims inJewish Law 162; Olivi on -- Usury and Future Profits 262; Pricing Life Annuities 962; Speculation -- in Public Debt 272; Insurance Rates 372; Renaissance Bets and Specu- -- lation 872; Lots and Lotteries 382; Commerce and the Casuists 582 -- 11. Dice 982 -- Games of Chance in Antiquity 982; The Medieval Manuscript on the -- Interrupted Game 192; Cardano 692; Gamblers and Casuists 003; -- Galileo's Fragment 203; De M6er and Roberval 203; The Fermat- -- Pascal Correspondence 603; Huygens' Reckoning in Games of Chance -- 313; Caramuel 613 -- 21. Conclusion 123 -- Subsymbolic Probability and the Transition to Symbols 423; Kinds of -- Probability and the Stages in Discovering Them 623; Why Not Ear- -- lier? 033; Two Parallel Histories 043; The Genius of the Scholastics -- and the Orbit of Aristotle 343; The Place of Law in the History of Ideas -- 843; Conclusion and Moral 063 -- Epilogue: The Survival of Unquantified Probability 263 -- The Port-RoyalLogic. 263; Leibniz's Logic of Probability 363; To the -- Present 563

عنصر شناسه ای

History ، Probabilities

عنصر شناسه ای

History ، Evidence

شماره رده

تاريخ

3591-

عنصر شناسه اي

Franklin, James

کد نقش

AU

عنصر شناسه اي

TI