Preface --Introduction: The problem of evil --Classic statements of the problem --Traditional treatments --Job's complaint and the whirlwind's answer --From the book of Job --No evil comes from God / St. Thomas Aquinas --Evil and the God of religion / David Hume --Modern treatments --Rebellion / Fyodor Dostoevsky --Physical suffering and the justice of God / Albert Camus --Night / Elie Wiesel --Versions of the problem of evil --The logical problem --Evil and omnipotence / J.L. Mackie --The free will defense / Alvin Plantinga --The evidential problem --Is evil evidence against the existence of God? / Michael Martin --Evil as evidence against God's existence / David Basinger --The existential problem --On regretting the evils of this world / William Hasker --Redemptive suffering: A Christian solution to the problem of evil / Marilyn M. Adams --Perspectives in theodicy --Augustinian Theodicy --A good creation's capacity for evil / St. Augustine --Augustine and the denial of genuine evil / David Ray Griffin --Irenaean theodicy --The world as a vale of soul-making / John Hick --The loving God: Some observations of Hick's theodicy / Roland Puccetti. Process theodicy --Divine persuasion and the triumph of Good / Lewis Ford --Evil and persuasive power / Peter Hare and Edward Madden --Issues in the problem of evil --God and the best possible world --Must God create the best? / Roberts M. Adams --God, moral perfection, and possible worlds / Philip L. Quinn --Natural evils and natural laws --Natural evil / Richard Swinburne --Knowledge, freedom, and the problem of evil / Eleonore Stump --Defense and theodicy --Why plantinga must move from defense to theodicy / Jerry L. Walls --Ad walls / Alvin Plantinga --Theoretical and practical theodicy --Taking suffering seriously / Kenneth Surin --Can theodicy be avoided? The claim of unredeemed evil / James Wetzel --Bibliography.