عنوان

Ammoniation of moldy straw and hays to improve nutritive value and(or) alleviate mycotoxicosis when fed to ruminants

Number

TLpq303796869

.Language of Text, Soundtrack etc

انگلیسی

Title Proper

Ammoniation of moldy straw and hays to improve nutritive value and(or) alleviate mycotoxicosis when fed to ruminants

General Material Designation

[Thesis]

First Statement of Responsibility

M. F. U. Khan

Subsequent Statement of Responsibility

G. S. Smith

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

New Mexico State University

Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.

1989

Specific Material Designation and Extent of Item

118

Dissertation or thesis details and type of degree

Ph.D.

Body granting the degree

New Mexico State University

Text preceding or following the note

1989

Text of Note

Baled prairie hay (10% CP) and wheat straw (3.8% CP) were allowed to mold. Moldy and nonmoldy portions were ammoniated (3 kg anhydrous ammonia/100 kg; 4 to 21C; 7 d) and fed. Ammoniation increased CP in nonmoldy straw (3.8 to 8.8%) and moldy straw (3.3 to 6.2%) and caused lesser change in nonmoldy (9.9 to 13.2%) and moldy hay (8.3 to 13.2%). Ammoniation decreased NDF in both roughages. Sixteen wether sheep (48 3 kg) were fed moldy or nonmoldy hay (with or without ammoniation) ad libitum for 17 d. Hat intake (2.6 to 2.8% of BW daily) was not affected (P >.10) by mold or by ammoniation; but digestibility of NDF was increased (P <.10) by mold (62 vs 55%) and by ammoniation (61 vs 55%). Digestibility of CP was decreased by mold (41 vs 58%; P <.10) and increased slightly by ammoniation (53 vs 46%; P >.10). Moldy hay caused a severe decrease in N balance (-6.6 vs 1.3 g/d; P <.10), and ammoniation failed to improve N balance of wethers fed moldy hay. Moldy hay tended (P >.10) to elevate serum aminotransferase activities (AST and ALT). Ammoniation increased blood urea N (BUN; 16 vs 9 mg/dl; P <.10) but also tended to increase serum alkaline phosphatase (ALK) as well as AST and ALT. Sixteen beef steers (241 7 kg) were fed moldy or unmoldy wheat straw (ammoniated or unammoniated) ad libitum for 19 d. Intake was least (P <.10) for steers fed moldy, nonammoniated straw (1.3% of BW daily) and greatest (P <.10) for steers fed moldy, ammoniated straw (1.8% of BW daily). Steers fed nonmoldy straw gained 5 kg and those fed moldy straw lost 6 kg BW (P <.26) during 19 d. Ammoniated, nonmoldy straw elevated BUN (10.5 mg/dl) over other straws (2.3 to 3.8 mg/dl; P <.10). ALK was greater in steers fed moldy vs nonmoldy straw (148 vs 95 U/liter; P <.10). Sixteen steers were fed moldy bermuda grass hay that was unammoniated (11.2% CP) or ammoniated (14.2% CP). Hay intake was not affected (P >.10) by ammoniation. Serum ALK, AST and lactic dehydrogenase were elevated by moldy hay, and alleviated by ammoniation. Ammoniation improved nutritive value of low-protein straw but failed to alleviate toxic effects of moldy straw and hays.

Biological sciences

Livestock

straw

G. S. Smith

M. F. U. Khan

Electronic name

p

[Thesis]

276903

a

Y