Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Figures -- Preface -- Note on Transliteration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Early formation: 'Abduh's mystical turn -- 3 The making of a Muslim activist and intellectual -- 4 Exile: From Paris to Beirut -- 5 Return to Egypt: A new approach -- 6 'Abduh and the discourse of Islamic reform -- 7 Conclusion: 'Abduh's contested legacy -- Bibliography -- Index