Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Abī Zayd al-Qurashī al-Shāfiʿī, known as Ibn al-Ukhuwwa (648-729/1258-1328) was the author of an important manual on ḥisba (the supervising of markets), called by its first editor, Reuben Levy, in doubt, Maʿālim al-qurba fī aḥkām al-ḥisba . From the only known biographical report, by Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī (d. 852/1449) ( Durar , no. 446), it seems certain that he lived and worked in Egypt. In spite of the continuing scholarly debate about the real