Erzincan (Armn. Erznkay; Pers. Erznka; Ar. Arzinjān) is a city on a plain in the northeast of Anatolia (present-day Turkey); through the plain flows the upper Euphrates or (Turk.) Kara Su. The city's walled area took the form of a rectangle some 250 metres long and oriented northwest to southeast. From about 495/1100, a Turkish dynasty, the Mengücekoğulları/Mangujakids, occupied Erzincan, Kamākh/Kemah, and Divrīk/Divriği, and in this period Erzincan became a minor centre of Muslim culture. In 625/1228, the city, as well as the