Baybars I, al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
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[Article]
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Thorau, Peter
.PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC
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Leiden
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Brill
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(1,298 words)
SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
Text of Note
Baybars I al-Bunduqdārī al-Ṣāliḥī, al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn (r. 658-76/1260-77), was the fourth Mamlūk sultan and the real founder of the Mamlūk sultanate, which ruled over Egypt and Syria until the Ottoman conquest in 923/1517. Baybars is described as a tall man with broad chest and shoulders, slim legs, a powerful voice, swarthy skin, and blue eyes. He was probably born about 625/1227-8 in the southern Russian steppes as a member of a Qipçāq-Turkish group. At the age