Baḥr al-ʿUlūm, Muḥammad Mahdī - Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE
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[Article]
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Gleave, Robert M.
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Leiden
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Brill
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(715 words)
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Muḥammad Mahdī b. Murtaḍā al-Ṭabaṭabāʾī Baḥr al-ʿUlūm (1155-1212/1742-97), was a Shīʿī theologian and jurist and one of the early luminaries of the revived Uṣūlī school of Imāmī jurisprudence. He was born into a scholarly family in the seminary town of Karbalāʾ. Imāmī jurisprudence was dominated at that time by Akhbārī scholars who advocated a distinctively Shīʿī form of traditionalism in which all legal rules were (at least formally) to be derived from the akhbār of the imām s and rational methods of legal deduction were