Al-Fayyūm is an oasis and administrative district in Egypt's Libyan Desert, about 90 kilometres southwest of modern-day Cairo. Only the lowest part of the approximately 12,000-square-kilometre depression in which the district is located is cultivatable, about one sixth of the total area. A shallow lake, Birkat al-Qārūn, is located in the northwest, from which al-Fayyūm takes its name ( phiom , "lake," in Bohairic Coptic). The largest part of the district by far is desert. The Baḥr Yūsuf, an offshoot of the Nile, which