Agra (Āgra) is the chief city of an administrative district of the same name in the state of Uttar Pradesh, situated on the banks of the river Yamuna (Jamna), 27° 11' N, 78° 01" E. Agra had a population of 1,800,000 in the 2000 census of India. The city was the chief seat of the Mughals from the tenth/sixteenth century until 1058/1648, when it ceded its title Dār al-Khilāfat (seat of the caliphate) to the new capital Shāhjahānābād, built by Shāh Jahān on the site