From 'Paganism' to 'Monotheism': A Theory on the Semantic Reversal of the Semitic Root ḤNP
General Material Designation
[Thesis]
First Statement of Responsibility
Osmat, Ghassan
Subsequent Statement of Responsibility
Ibrahim, Ahmed
.PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC
Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.
McGill University (Canada)
Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.
2019
GENERAL NOTES
Text of Note
101 p.
DISSERTATION (THESIS) NOTE
Dissertation or thesis details and type of degree
M.A.
Body granting the degree
McGill University (Canada)
Text preceding or following the note
2019
SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
Text of Note
Ḥanpūtā (Syriac) and Ḥanīfiyya (Arabic) share the same Semitic root ḤNP and would, therefore, be expected to carry similar significations. Nonetheless, they have totally opposite meanings. In pre-Islamic Syriac-Christian sources, things or individuals associated with the root ḤNP are reprehensible for their paganism. However, in early Arabic-Islamic historiography, Ḥanīfiyya is the monotheistic religion of the prophet Muhammad. How could such a drastic semantic reversal have taken place? The central question dealt with in this thesis is that which other researchers who are interested in Semitic philology and the origins of Islam have already asked themselves. However, while past academic studies, which are presented in Chapter I, are limited to philological or literary assessments, by challenging the disciplinary barriers of the academy, this thesis seeks a genuinely historical explanation of the semantic reversal. Instead of classical philology and literary criticism, while relying on Jewish and Christian Aramaic as well as on Arabic-Islamic sources, the question is tackled under the perspective of a conceptual history of paganism. In order to explain the semantic reversal, gradual change in the meanings associated with ḤNP are traced and analyzed in light of two phenomena which occurred simultaneously in the late antique Near-East: the formation of rabbinic and ecclesiastical orthodoxies, and the proliferation of heterodox monotheisms of Biblical inspiration.