عنوان

Neighborhood Context and Migrant Selectivity: An Empirical Analysis of the Nativity Advantage in Black Birth Outcomes, California 2007-2010

Number

TL51174

.Language of Text, Soundtrack etc

انگلیسی

Title Proper

Neighborhood Context and Migrant Selectivity: An Empirical Analysis of the Nativity Advantage in Black Birth Outcomes, California 2007-2010

General Material Designation

[Thesis]

First Statement of Responsibility

Blebu, Bridgette E.

Subsequent Statement of Responsibility

Ro, Annie

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

University of California, Irvine

Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.

2019

Text of Note

135 p.

Dissertation or thesis details and type of degree

Ph.D.

Body granting the degree

University of California, Irvine

Text preceding or following the note

2019

Text of Note

Background: Non-Hispanic black women remain at high risk for adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth and low birth weight. However, black immigrant women do not exhibit the same disparities compared to their US-born counterparts. This dissertation examines whether two theoretical explanations for immigrant health advantages: protective immigrant neighborhoods and migrant selection, contribute to the immigrant advantage in black birth outcomes. Methods: In chapter two, I examine the spatial distribution of three neighborhood attributes: black immigrant co-ethnic density, black racial concentration, and neighborhood deprivation, and then conduct an ecological analysis using OLS regression to examine whether these neighborhood attributes are associated with the proportion of black immigrant preterm births. In chapter three, I use logistic regression with robust standard errors to assess whether nativity differences in preterm birth risk persist after adjusting for each neighborhood attribute and maternal characteristics. In chapter four, I use OLS regression to assess whether migrant selection contributes to nativity differences in infant birth weight. The migrant selection hypothesis argues that immigrants are selected on characteristics that make more likely to migrate compared to those left behind in the country of origin and that these characteristics contribute to their above average post-migration health. To test this, I compute three measures of migrant selection: BMI selectivity, height selectivity and migration likelihood, leveraging the Nigerian Demographic Health Survey data and a subset of California births to Nigerian immigrant women. Results: I find that tract-level immigrant co-ethnic density, black racial concentration, and neighborhood deprivation are not associated with black immigrant preterm birth, nor do they explain differences in preterm birth risk between US- and foreign-born black women. However, migration likelihood explains a significant portion of the nativity advantage in infant birth weight after adjusting for maternal characteristics. Conclusion: My findings indicate that there is little association between tract-level neighborhood context and black immigrant birth outcomes in California, a distinct finding compared to existing research in the Northeast. Further migrant selection, when measured as migration likelihood, may be a more robust predictor of the nativity differential in infant birth weight among Nigerian immigrant and US-born black women in California.

Subject Term

African American studies

Subject Term

Black studies

Subject Term

Ethnic studies

Subject Term

Health sciences

Subject Term

Obstetrics

Subject Term

Public health

Subject Term

Sociology

Subject Term

Womens studies

Blebu, Bridgette E.

Ro, Annie

University of California, Irvine

Electronic name

p

[Thesis]

276903

a

Y