Confronting the Square: Explaining Authoritarian Control Strategies during Civilian Uprisings
General Material Designation
[Thesis]
First Statement of Responsibility
Brown, Sean Douglas
Subsequent Statement of Responsibility
Pion-Berlin, David
.PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC
Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.
University of California, Riverside
Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.
2019
GENERAL NOTES
Text of Note
229 p.
DISSERTATION (THESIS) NOTE
Dissertation or thesis details and type of degree
Ph.D.
Body granting the degree
University of California, Riverside
Text preceding or following the note
2019
SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
Text of Note
This dissertation seeks to explain how and why regimes adopt different control strategies during massive civilian uprisings. The 2011 Arab uprisings saw regimes across the Middle East and North Africa respond to protests against the state using a mix of violence and accommodation to demobilize those in the streets. Some regimes carried out strategies characterized by high levels of lethal violence against those in the streets, while others minimized violence and offered a raft of concessions to protesters; some states adopted a hybrid approach. I argue that authoritarian key control strategies are a product of the interaction between a regime's past successful dominant control strategies and the level of unity between the executive and the military at the time of the protests. I test this theory by utilizing a small-N, qualitative case study analysis of three Middle Eastern and North African countries that had distinctly different outcomes in terms of their control strategies: Morocco, Tunisia, and Syria. Data was collected from primary and secondary source material, including news reports, scholarly literature, and interviews conducted in Tunis, Tunisia during fieldwork in 2016. I find that regimes tend to adopt historically dominant strategies when civil-military unity exists, however breaks between the military and the executive result in mixed strategies or the termination of the protest phase.