Cover; Half-title; Title; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgements; Preface; Section 1: Cryobiology; 1 Cryobiology; Introduction; Basic science of cryobiology; Nature of water; Temperature measurement; Glass transition temperature; Vitrification; Aqueous solutions; Molarity and molality; Solubility; Colligative properties; Osmosis; Cell permeability; Cryoinjury; Cryoprotectants; Discovery of cryoprotectant properties; Glycerol; Dimethyl sulfoxide; Ethylene glycol; Propylene glycol; Toxicity of cryoprotectants; Equilibration; Conclusions; References; 2 Suppression of ice in aqueous solutions.
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Ethylene glycolDimethyl sulfoxide and acetamide; Propylene glycol; Embryos other than mouse morulae; Movement of water and cryoprotectants and its relevance; Conclusions; References; 4 Cryoprotectants; Introduction; Penetrating cryoprotectants; Sulfoxides; Amides and imides; Formamide; Acetamide; Other amides; Formamide; Acetamide; Other amides; Alcohols (monhydric, diols, triols, polyols); Methanol; Propylene glycol; Ethylene glycol; Butylene glycol; Glycerol; Adonitol; Other alcohols; Methanol; Propylene glycol; Ethylene glycol; Butylene glycol; Glycerol; Adonitol; Other alcohols.
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IntroductionBackground; Membrane permeability to water and solutes; Temperature; Vitrification; Probability of vitrification; Application of cryoprotectants for assisted reproductive technology; Phase diagram; Conclusions; References; 3 Movement of water and cryoprotectants in mouse oocytes and embryos at different stages: relevance to cryopreservation; Introduction; Measurement of the permeability; Pathway for water movement in mouse oocytes and embryos; Pathway for the movement of cryoprotectants and water in the presence of cryoprotectant in mouse oocytes and embryos; Glycerol.
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Macromolecules/polymersFicoll; Polyethylene glycol; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Polyvinyl alcohol; Hyaluronan; Ficoll; Polyethylene glycol; Polyvinylpyrrolidone; Polyvinyl alcohol; Hyaluronan; Cryoprotectant toxicity and damage; The effects of exposure time, concentration, and temperature on toxicity; Avoiding toxicity and damage; Conclusions; References; Section 2: Cryopreservation of sperm and testicular tissue; 5 Cryopreservation of sperm and testicular tissue; Introduction; Clinical applications of sperm cryopreservation in humans; Assisted reproductive technologies.