عنوان

The gastrointestinal circulation /

(Number (ISBN

1615041184

(Number (ISBN

9781615041183

Erroneous ISBN

1615041176

Erroneous ISBN

9781615041176

Number

b776006

Title Proper

The gastrointestinal circulation /

General Material Designation

[Book]

First Statement of Responsibility

Peter R. Kvietys.

Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.

San Rafael, Calif. :

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences,

Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.

©2010.

Specific Material Designation and Extent of Item

1 online resource (xi, 127 pages) :

Other Physical Details

illustrations.

Series Title

Integrated systems physiology: from molecule to function,

Volume Designation

bk. #5

ISSN of Series

1947-945X ;

Text of Note

Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-126).

Text of Note

Introduction -- Anatomy -- Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation -- Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral -- Postprandial Hyperemia -- Transcapillary Solute Exchange -- Transcapillary Fluid Exchange -- Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces -- Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense -- Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I:Ischemia/Reperfusion -- Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension.

0

Text of Note

The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O₂ demand and O₂ delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO₂, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation.

Title

Gastrointestinal circulation.

International Standard Book Number

9781615041176

Gastroenterology.

Gastrointestinal system-- Blood-vessels.

Digestive System.

Microcirculation.

Gastroenterology.

MEDICAL-- Nutrition.

MED-- 060000

Number

Edition

Class number

Book number

Class number

Class number

Kvietys, Peter R.

Date of Transaction

20201203084737.0

Cataloguing Rules (Descriptive Conventions))

pn

Electronic name

[Book]

Y