عنوان

Oncologic Emergencies: Immune-Based Cancer Therapies and Complications

Number

LA8hm46787

.Language of Text, Soundtrack etc

انگلیسی

Title Proper

Oncologic Emergencies: Immune-Based Cancer Therapies and Complications

General Material Designation

[Article]

First Statement of Responsibility

Long, Brit Jeffrey; Brém, Elizabeth; Koyfman, Alex

Text of Note

Cancer therapies have undergone several recent advancements. Current cancer treatments include immune-based therapies comprised of checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive immunotherapy; each treatment has the potential for complications that differ from chemotherapy and radiation. This review evaluates immune-based therapies and their complications for emergency clinicians. Therapy complications include immune-related adverse events (irAE), cytokine release syndrome (CRS), autoimmune toxicity, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-related encephalopathy syndrome (CRES). Immune-related adverse events are most commonly encountered with checkpoint inhibitors and include dermatologic complications, pneumonitis, colitis/diarrhea, hepatitis, and endocrinopathies. Less common irAEs include nephritis, myocardial injury, neurologic toxicity, ocular diseases, and musculoskeletal complications. CRS and CRES are more commonly associated with CAR T-cell therapy. CRS commonly presents with flu-like illness and symptoms resembling sepsis, but severe myocardial and pulmonary disease may occur. Critically ill patients require resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and hematology/oncology consultation.

Date of Publication

2020

Title

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health

Volume Number

21/3

Entry Element

Long, Brit Jeffrey; Brém, Elizabeth; Koyfman, Alex

Electronic name

[Article]

275578

a

Y