Intro; Preface; Contents; About the Author; 1 Surface Engineering; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Purpose and Need of Surface Engineering in Industries; 1.3 Surface and Subsurface Regions; 1.4 Properties for the Enhanced Life and Performance of Mechanical Components; 1.5 Classification of Surface Modification Techniques; 1.5.1 Changing the Structure of Surface and Near-Surface Layers; 1.5.2 Changing the Chemical Composition of Surface and Near-Surface Layers; 1.5.3 Developing a Surface Layer or Overlays; 1.6 Scope of Surface Engineering; 1.6.1 Designing Surface Modification.
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1.6.2 Developing the Modified Surface1.6.3 Investigating and Characterizing the Modified Surfaces; 1.6.4 Application of Modified Surfaces; 1.7 Role of Surface Properties Affecting Wear and Friction Behavior; 1.7.1 Surface Energy; 1.7.2 Surface Composition; 1.7.3 Surface Microstructure; 1.7.4 Surface Roughness; 1.8 Advantages, Limitations, and Applications; 2 Surface Damage: Causes and Mechanisms; 2.1 Material Properties and Its Effect on Performance of Components; 2.2 Common Factors Leading to the Deterioration of Surfaces; 2.3 Types of Wear and Mechanisms and Classical Governing Laws.
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2.3.1 Adhesive Wear2.3.2 Abrasive Wear; 2.3.3 Erosive Wear; 2.3.4 Corrosion Wear; 2.3.5 Diffusive Wear; 2.4 Techniques to Evaluate Damage of Wear Surfaces; 2.4.1 Material Loss; 2.4.2 Weighing; 2.4.3 Dimensional Measurement; 2.4.4 Optical Method; 2.4.5 Hardness of Surface and Subsurface Layers; 2.4.6 Chemical Composition and Phase Analysis; 2.4.7 Surface Roughness; 3 Materials for Controlling the Wear; 3.1 Materials Properties and Wear; 3.1.1 Hardness; 3.1.2 Ductility; 3.1.3 Toughness; 3.1.4 Stacking Fault Energy; 3.1.5 Fatigue Resistance; 3.1.6 Fracture Toughness.
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3.1.7 Affinity to Atmospheric Gases3.1.8 Thermal Stability of Surface Layers; 3.2 Materials Properties Required for Better Wear Resistance; 3.2.1 Adhesive Wear; 3.2.2 Abrasion; 3.2.3 Erosion; 3.2.4 Surface Fatigue Wear; 3.2.5 Cavitation; 3.2.6 Fretting Wear; 3.3 Selection of Materials for Surface Engineering; 3.3.1 Iron Base Alloy; 3.3.2 Cobalt Base Alloys; 3.3.3 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.3.4 Copper Base Alloys; 3.4 Structure and Wear of Material; 3.4.1 Ferrous Metals; 3.4.2 Carbon Steel; 3.4.3 Alloy Steel; 3.4.4 Stainless Steel; 3.4.5 Hadfield Steel; 3.4.6 Gray Cast Iron; 3.4.7 White Iron.
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3.4.8 Chromium Irons3.4.9 Non-ferrous Metals; 3.4.10 Cobalt Base Alloys and Composites; 3.4.11 Nickel Base Alloys; 3.4.12 Thermal Barrier Coating; 3.4.13 Functionally Graded Materials (FGM); 3.5 Common Materials for Surface Modifications for Specific Applications; 3.6 Common Materials and Their Typical Applications; 4 Surface Engineering by Changing the Surface Metallurgy; 4.1 Approach; 4.2 Transformation Hardening Methods; 4.2.1 Flame Hardening; 4.2.2 Induction Hardening; 4.2.3 Laser Beam Hardening; 4.3 Re-melting of Base Metal or Modified Surfaces Using Laser and TIG.
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
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This book is intended to help engineers analyze service condition and potential mechanisms of surface degradation. This will enable engineers select suitable materials for improved service-life and performance of engineering components. The book comprises 7 chapters, and is well illustrated with schematics, photographs, microstructure, XRD patterns, EDAX mapping, and technical data tables. The book focuses on the influence of materials and methods of surface engineering on structure, properties, and wear-performance of engineering components. It begins with the need to study the subject of surface engineering, scope of surface engineering, and classification of techniques of surface engineering. The book covers conventional material system (steel, cast iron, stellite, WC-Co, PCDs, etc.) and new materials like multilayer structures, functionally gradient materials (FGMs), intermetallic barrier coatings, and thermal barrier coating. The book covers most conventional as well as advanced surface engineering techniques, such as burnishing, shot peening, flame and induction hardening, laser and electron beam hardening, plasma and TIG melting, carburizing, nitriding, cyaniding, boronizing, vanadizing, ion implantation, laser alloying, chemical vapor deposition, PE chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, weld overlays, laser cladding, hot dip galvanizing, hot dip lead tin coating, hot dip aluminizing, hot dip chromizing, electroplating, electroless plating (Ni-P and Ni-B), mechanical plating, roll bonding, explosive bonding, and hot isostatic. The book also includes an introductory chapter on friction-stir processing of aluminum and titanium alloys. Further, it discusses studies on structure, mechanical and wear properties of weld surfacing, flame spray coating, HVOF sprayed coating, laser cladding of ferrous metals, nickel and cobalt based alloys and their composites in as-sprayed and heat-treated conditions. The book provides a comprehensive overview of various destructive and nondestructive techniques used for characterization of engineered surfaces. The materials in the book will be useful to undergraduate and graduate students. In addition, the contents of this book can also be used for professional development courses for practicing engineers.