The Middle East occupies a special place in the history of the Cold War. It was critical to its birth, critical to its life, and critical to its demise. The Middle East has always been the object of Great Power rivalries. Most of the existing literature on the subject focuses on the policies of the Great Powers towards the region. The present volume seeks to redress the balance by concentrating on the policies of local actors. It looks at the politics of the region not just from the outside in, but from the inside out. The contributors to this volume are leading scholars in the field whose interests combine International Relations and Middle Eastern Studies. They assess the impact of the Cold War on the behaviour of individual local actors at three levels: international politics, regional politics, and domestic politics. The result is a highly informative and thought-provoking book, which sheds a great deal of new light on the politics of the Middle East in the post-war era.