Introduction : the Explanatory Conundrum and the New Perspective in Modern Biology -- Part I. Epigenetic Basis of Metazoan Inheritance. Control Systems and Determination of Phenotypic Traits in Metazoans -- Neural Manipulation of Gene Expression -- Epigenetic Control of Reproduction -- Epigenetic Control of Early Development -- Neural Control of Postphylotypic Development -- The Epigenetic System of Inheritance -- Adaptation to Changed Conditions of Living and Evolution -- Part II. Epigenetics of Circumevolutionary Phenomena and the Mechanism of the Evolutionary Change -- Intragenerational Developmental Plasticity -- Transgenerational Development Plasticity : an Epitome of Evolutionary Change -- Part III. Epigenetics of Metazoan Evolution. Origins of Evolutionary Novelty -- Evolution by Loss -- Evolution by Reverting to Ancestral Characters -- Epigenetics of Sympatric Speciation : Speciation as a Mechanism of Evolution -- Epigenetics in Health and Disease -- Plant Epigenetics.