a comprehensive reference source on the chemistry of the earth /
First Statement of Responsibility
edited by William M. White ; with associate editors, William H. Casey, Bernard Marty, Hisayoshi Yurimoto.
.PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC
Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.
Cham, Switzerland :
Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.
Springer,
Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.
[2018]
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Specific Material Designation and Extent of Item
1 online resource :
Other Physical Details
illustrations (some color)
SERIES
Series Title
Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series,
ISSN of Series
1388-4360
INTERNAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES/INDEXES NOTE
Text of Note
Includes bibliographical references.
CONTENTS NOTE
Text of Note
Ab Initio Calculations -- Acid-Base Reactions -- Activation Energy, Activation Enthalpy, Activation Volume -- Activity and Activity Coefficients -- Analytical Techniques -- Antimony -- Aqueous Solutions -- Arsenic -- Atomic Absorption Spectrometry -- Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) -- Cadmium -- Chelation -- Chemical Bonds -- Chromium -- Clay Membranes -- Clay Minerals -- Colloids -- Complexes -- Critical Points -- Debye-Hückel Equation -- Density Functional Theory -- Diagenesis -- Differential Thermal Analysis and Scanning Calorimetry -- etc.
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
Text of Note
The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 300 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and author indices are comprehensive and extensive.^Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth's origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth's history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is provided by chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause.^Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth's surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.