Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgment; Author; Part I: Water resources and ecology; 1. Water resources and demand; 1.1 Hydrological cycle; 1.2 Surface waters; 1.2.1 Rivers and lakes; 1.2.2 Reservoirs; 1.3 Groundwater; 1.3.1 Aquifers; 1.3.2 Groundwater quality; 1.4 Water demand; 1.5 Peak water; 1.6 The catchment as area of study; References; Further Reading; 2. Factors determining the distribution of animals and plants in freshwaters; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Natural dispersion; 2.2.1 Expected species; 2.2.2 Alien or exotic species.
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2.3 Catchment water quality2.4 Dissolved solids; 2.5 Dissolved oxygen and temperature; 2.6 Suspended solids; 2.7 Lotic systems; 2.7.1 River flow and substrate; 2.7.2 River zonation; 2.8 Lentic systems; 2.9 Effect of climate change; References; Further Reading; 3. Basic aquatic ecosystems; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Community structure; 3.2.1 Phototrophic-autotrophic (producers); 3.2.2 Heterotrophic (decomposers); 3.2.3 Detritivores (consumers); 3.2.4 Herbivores (consumers); 3.2.5 Predators (consumers); 3.3 Allochthonous and autochthonous inputs; 3.4 Functional feeding groups; 3.5 Habitat zonation.
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3.6 Lentic ecologyReferences; Further Reading; 4. Microorganisms in pollution control; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Nutritional classification; 4.3 Oxygen requirement of bacteria; 4.4 Microbial oxygen demand; 4.4.1 Self-purification; 4.4.2 Oxygen balance; 4.4.3 Re-aeration; 4.4.4 The oxygen-sag curve; 4.5 The biochemical oxygen demand (bod) test; References; Further Reading; 5. Water pollution; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Toxic substances; 5.3 Suspended solids; 5.3.1 Inert solids; 5.3.2 Oxidizable solids; 5.4 Deoxygenation; 5.5 Addition of non-toxic salts; 5.5.1 Eutrophication; 5.5.2 Algal toxins.
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5.6 Heating of the water5.7 Effect on the buffering system; 5.7.1 Acid rain; 5.7.2 Acid mine drainage; 5.8 Groundwater pollution; References; Further Reading; Part II: Water quality management and assessment; 6. Water basin management; 6.1 Introduction; 6.1.1 Basic management programme for rivers; 6.1.2 Water quality and catchment management plans; 6.2 The water framework directive; 6.2.1 Introduction; 6.2.2 River basin characterization; 6.2.3 Implementation of the WFD; 6.2.4 River basin planning and monitoring; 6.2.5 Ecological classification system for surface water and groundwater.
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6.2.6 Priority and other specific polluting substances6.3 Flood control and diffuse pollution; 6.3.1 Sustainable drainage systems; 6.3.2 Agriculture and forestry; References; Further Reading; 7. Water quality and regulation; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Potable waters; 7.3 Surface waters not used primarily for supply; 7.4 Priority substances and wastewaters; 7.5 Groundwaters; 7.6 Regulation; 7.7 Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control; References; Further Reading; 8. Water quality assessment; 8.1 Physico-chemical and biological surveillance; 8.2 Impact assessment.
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
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Water has become one of the most important issues of our time intertwined with global warming and population expansion. The management of water supplies and the conservation of water resources remains one of the most challenging yet exciting issues of our time. Water and wastewater treatment technologies are constantly evolving creating an increasingly sustainable industry that is one of the world's largest and most interdisciplinary sectors, employing chemists, microbiologists, botanists, zoologists as well as engineers, computer specialists and a range of different management professionals. This accessible student textbook introduces the reader to the key concepts of water science and technology by explaining the fundamentals of hydrobiology, aquatic ecosystems, water treatment and supply, wastewater treatment and integrated catchment management. This fourth edition is extensively changed throughout, with new coverage of the effects of climate change, environmental assessment, sustainability and the threat to biodiversity. The text serves as a primer for both undergraduate and graduate students in either science or engineering who have an interested in freshwater biology/hydrobiology or environmental engineering. It is also useful as a unified transitional course for those who want to span the traditional areas of engineering, biology, chemistry, microbiology or business. Professionals and consultants will also find the book a useful reference.-Publisher's description.