عنوان

The importance of nutrition for bumblebees and solitary bees :

Number

TLets797339

Title Proper

The importance of nutrition for bumblebees and solitary bees :

General Material Designation

[Thesis]

First Statement of Responsibility

Ryder, Jordan T.

Title Proper by Another Author

implications for pesticides and stewardship

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

Harper Adams University

Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.

2019

Dissertation or thesis details and type of degree

Thesis (Ph.D.)

Text preceding or following the note

2019

Text of Note

Critical to supporting populations of wild and managed species in agricultural systems are an improved understanding of mechanisms by which bees enhance crop quality and yield; the factors influencing pollen selection by foraging bees (including pollen diversity and amino acid concentrations); the influence of pollen profiles in determining individual and colony performance; and the response of individuals to insecticides in nectar. Laboratory and field studies addressed these questions using Osmia bicornis and Bombus terrestris audax. In a mixed lowland farm system, O. bicornis reproduction and plant utilisation was investigated in florally-enriched vegetation. A high selectivity for pollen was observed and in the laboratory larval survival was related to the pollen profile of the diet. The role of pollen diversity and amino acid concentrations were investigated in both foraging behaviour and survival, but requires clarification, although poor survival in the laboratory was associated with low amino acid concentrations in a single-species diet of Pinuspollen. In B. terrestris audax, laboratory colony performance was greatest in pollen diets with high concentrations of essential amino acids, but again no consistent relationship with the diversity of pollen species was detected. Results suggest that composition of off-crop vegetation, including those offered in agri-environment schemes, could be modified to better support wild and managed bee populations. Managed O. bicornis, in a cherry orchard experiment, were shown to improve fruit quality, demonstrating a potential commercial application of improved understanding of pollinator biology. Management interventions in farm systems, however, need to consider the potential impacts of insecticides. In laboratory experiments, foraging B. terrestris used colour cues when selecting flowers, but chemical cues to detect nectar spiked with neonicotinoids. Observed sub-lethal toxicity was reversible when clean nectar was offered but further work is required to confirm the mechanism (behavioural or physiological) leading to these findings.

Ryder, Jordan T.

Harper Adams University

Electronic name

p

[Thesis]

276903

a

Y