Super-selective arteriography of the external carotid artery.
General Material Designation
[Book]
First Statement of Responsibility
Rene Djindjian
.PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC
Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.
[Place of publication not identified]
Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.
Springer
Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.
2013
CONTENTS NOTE
Text of Note
1 Normal Super-Selective Arteriography of the External Carotid Artery.- I. Technique of Opacification.- A. Techniques of Exploration.- 1. Femoral Approach.- 2. Carotid Approach.- 3. Temporal Approach.- B. Conduct of the Examination.- C. Injection for Radiography.- II. Lingual Artery.- A. Technique of Investigation and Projections.- B. Morphology of the Lingual Artery.- 1. Origin of the Lingual Artery.- 2. Trunk of the Lingual Artery.- a) Calibre.- b) Carotid and Pharyngeal Segments of the Lingual Artery.- c) Lateral Suprahyoid Segment.- 3. Termination of the Lingual Artery: Deep Lingual Artery.- C. Branches of the Lingual Artery.- 1. Branches of the Pharyngeal and Suprahyoid Segments.- 2. The Sublingual Artery.- 3. Branches of the Termination of the Lingual Artery.- D. Venous Return.- E. Anastomoses.- III. Facial Artery.- A. Trunk of the Facial Artery.- 1. Lateral View.- a) Initial Horizontal Submental Segment.- b) Superficial Segment.- 2. Antero-Posterior Projection.- 3. Basal Projection.- 4. Variations.- 5. Venous Return.- B. Branches of the First Horizontal Segment of the Facial Artery.- 1. Ascending Palatine Artery.- 2. Arteries of the Submandibular Gland.- a) Main Artery of the Submandibular Gland.- b) Accessory Arteries of the Submandibular Gland.- 3. Submental Artery.- C. Branches of the Second, Superficial Segment of the Facial Artery.- 1. Arteries to the Masseter.- 2. Genial Arteries.- 3. Mental Arteries.- 4. Labial Arteries.- a) Inferior Labial (Inferior Coronary) Artery.- b) Superior Labial Artery.- c) Peri-Oral and Labial Arterial Circle.- D. Blood Supply of the Nasal Region and Termination of the Facial Artery.- IV. Ascending Pharyngeal Artery.- A. Trunk of the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery.- 1. Lateral Projection.- 2. Other Projections.- B. Branches of the Ascending Pharyngeal Artery.- 1. Pharyngeal Branches.- 2. Branches to the Paravertebral Muscles.- 3. Meningeal and Other Intracranial Branches.- 4. Tympanic Branches.- 5. Nervous Branches.- C. Anastomoses.- V. Occipital Artery.- A. Trunk of the Occipital Artery.- 1. Lateral Projection.- 2. Frontal (Towne's) Projection.- B. Branches of the Occipital Artery.- 1. Branches of the First Ascending Segment.- a) Superior Sterno-Mastoid Artery.- b) Stylomastoid Artery.- 2. Branches of the Second, Horizontal Segment.- 3. Branches of the Third Segment of the Occipital Artery.- C. Venous Return.- D. Anastomoses.- VI. Posterior Auricular Artery.- VII Superficial Temporal Artery.- A. Trunk of the Superficial Temporal Artery.- 1. Lateral Projection.- 2. Antero-Posterior Projection.- B. Branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery.- 1. Parotid Gland Branches.- 2. Transverse Facial Artery.- 3. Zygomaticomalar Artery.- 4. Anterior Auricular Artery.- 5. Posterior Deep Temporal Artery.- 6. Terminal Branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery.- C. Venous Return.- VIII. Internal Maxillary Artery.- A. Trunk of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 1. Origin.- 2. First Segment.- 3. Second (Zygomatic or Pterygoid) Segment.- 4. Third, Pterygopalatine Segment.- 5. Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- B. Ascending Cranial and Extracranial Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 1. Anterior Tympanic Artery.- 2. Accessory Meningeal Artery.- C. Ascending Extracranial Muscular Branches of the Maxillary Artery.- 1. Middle Deep Temporal Artery.- 2. Anterior Deep Temporal Artery.- D. Recurrent Branches of the Termination of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 1. Vidian Artery or Artery of the Pterygoid Canal.- 2. Pharyngeal Branch of the Internal Maxillary or Pterygopalatine Artery.- 3. Artery of the Foramen Rotundum.- E. Descending Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 1. Masseteric and Pterygoid Branches.- 2. Inferior Dental Artery.- 3. Buccal Artery.- F. Anterior Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 1. Posterior Superior Dental Artery.- 2. Infraorbital Artery.- 3. Descending or Superior Palatine Artery.- G. Sphenopalatine Artery.- 1. Origin.- 2. External Branch: Posterior Lateral Nasal or Lateral Sphenopalatine Artery.- 3. Posterior Septal, Nasal Palatine, or Medial Sphenopalatine Artery.- H. Middle Meningeal Artery and Its Branches.- 1. Arterial Trunk.- 2. Branches of the Middle Meningeal Artery.- a) Extracranial Branches.- b) Basal Branches.- c) Anterior Branches.- d) Posterior Branches.- e) Terminal Branches.- 3. Territory of the Middle Meningeal Artery.- 4. Anastomoses With Other Arteries.- 5. Capillary Phase of Selective Middle Meningeal Arteriography. "Durography".- 6. Venous Drainage of the Meninges.- 7. Conclusion.- 2 Cervico-Cephalic Vascular Territories.- I. Superficial Cutaneous Territories of the Face.- A. Supply of the Face.- 1. Submental Territory.- 2. Mental Territory.- 3. Blood Supply of the Lips.- 4. Nasal Territory.- 5. Blood Supply of the Cheek.- a) Branches of the Facial Artery.- b) Branches of the Transverse Facial Artery.- c) Branches of the Infraorbital Artery.- d) Branches of the Buccal Artery.- 6. Masseteric Region.- a) Masseteric Branches of the Facial Artery.- b) Masseteric Branches of the Transverse Facial Artery.- c) Masseteric Branches of the Internal Maxillary Artery.- 7. Zygomaticomalar Region.- a) Feeding Arteries.- b) Anastomotic Pathways.- B. Anastomotic Arcades in the Facial Region.- 1. Vertical Anastomotic Pathways.- a) Postero-Lateral Anastomoses.- b) Antero-Lateral Anastomoses.- c) Anterior Anastomoses.- 2. Horizontal Anastomotic Pathways.- a) Mandibular and Symphyseal Region.- b) Facio-Labial Region.- c) Nasal Region.- d) Frontal and Glabellar Regions.- C. Vascularisation of the Scalp.- D. Vascularisation of the Pinna.- II. Mucosal Territories.- A. Supply of the Buccal Cavity.- B. Soft Palate and Pillars of the Fauces.- C. Vascularisation of the Oropharynx.- D. Blood Supply of the Nasopharynx or Cavum Oris.- E. Blood Supply of the Nasal Fossae.- 1. Nasal Septum.- 2. Conchae, Meatuses, and Ethmoid Regions.- F. Blood Supply of the Maxillary Antra.- G. Supply of the Alveolus and Teeth.- III. Meningeal and Osseous Territories.- A. Supply of the Cranial Vault and Associated Meninges.- B. Vascularisation of the Falx Cerebri and the Tentorium.- C. Supply of the Skull Base.- 1. Exocranial Supply.- 2. Endocranial Supply.- a) Squamo-Occipital Portion.- b) Meninges of the Petrous Portion of the Posterior Fossa.- c) Meningeal Supply of the Clivus.- d) Supply of the Middle Cranial Fossa.- e) Meningeal Supply of the Anterior Cranial Fossa.- IV. Orbital Territory.- 3 Super-Selective External Carotid Angiography in Pathological Conditions Cranio-Facial Angiomas.- I. General Principles, Embolisation.- II. Cranio-Facial Angiomas of the External Carotid Territory.- A. General Considerations.- B. Arteriovenous Fistulae.- 1. Morphological Data.- 2. Embolisation of Angiomas With Shunts or Fast Flow Angiomas.- 3. Morphology and Embolisation of the Arteriovenous Angiomas.- a) Localised Arteriovenous Fistulae Supplied Only by the External Carotid Artery.- b) Regional Arteriovenous Fistulae Supplied Exclusively by the External Carotid Artery.- c) Arteriovenous Fistulae, in Which the External Carotid Artery or Its Branches Have Been Tied.- d) Arteriovenous Fistulae, Small or Large, Receiving Supply From the Internal Carotid Artery.- e) Large Angiomas in the Territory of Both Internal and External Carotid Arteries.- C. Capillary Angiomas.- 1. Morphology.- 2. Technique of Injection.- 3. Embolisation and Intra-Arterial Treatment of Capillary Angiomas.- D. Venous Angiomas.- 1. Morphology.- 2. Intra-Arterial Treatment of Venous Angiomas.- E. Mixed Type Angiomas.- F. Intra-Arterial Treatment of the Complications of Angiomas.- 4 Tumours Supplied by the External Carotid Artery. Super-Selective Injection of the External Carotid Artery in the Investigation of Tumours.- I. Meningiomas.- A. Convexity Meningiomas.- 1. Feeding Vessels.- a) Parasagittal Meningiomas.- b) Supratentorial Convexity Meningiomas.- c) Infratentorial Convexity Meningiomas.- 2. Tumour Vascularity.- 3.
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Osseous and Superficial Extension.- 4. Draining Veins.- 5. Invasion of the Veins.- 6. Embolisation.- B. Tentorium.- C. Base of the Skull.- II. Acoustic Neuromas.- III. Glomus Tumours.- 1. Feeding Vessels.- 2. Tumour Vascularity.- 3. Venous Drainage.- 4. Embolisation.- IV. Other Intracranial Tumours.- V. Sturge Weber Syndrome and Migraine.- VI. Tumours and Other Diseases of the Cranial Vault.- VII. Tumours in Ear, Nose and Throat and Facio-M axillary Surgery.- 5 Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae.- I. Pure Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae.- A. General Data.- 1. Historical Aspects.- 2. Classification.- 3. Protocol of Angiographic Investigation.- B. Morphology of Pure Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae.- 1. Pure Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae, Draining Directly into a Venous Sinus or Meningeal Vein.- a) Pure Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae in the Wall of the Lateral Sinus.- b) Pure Arteriovenous Fistulae of the Walls of the Cavernous Sinus or of the Neighbouring Meninges, Draining into the Cavernous Sinus.- c) Pure Arteriovenous Fistulae of the Superior Sagittal Sinus and the Convexity.- d) Pure Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae With Mixed Venous Drainage into the Sinus and Local Veins.- 2. Pure Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae Draining to Cortical Veins.- a) Clinical Features.- b) Morphological and Arteriographic Features.- c) Unique Features of the Venous Drainage.- d) Therapeutic Considerations.- 3. Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae With Large Dural Venous Lakes.- II. Mixed Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae.- A. Cutaneous, Bony and Meningeal Arteriovenous Fistulae.- B. Meningeal/Cortical Arteriovenous Fistulae.- Conclusions.