عنوان

Essential aspects of atopic dermatitis.

(Number (ISBN

364274768X

(Number (ISBN

9783642747687

Number

b551936

Title Proper

Essential aspects of atopic dermatitis.

General Material Designation

[Book]

First Statement of Responsibility

Georg Rajka

Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.

[Place of publication not identified]

Name of Publisher, Distributor, etc.

Springer

Date of Publication, Distribution, etc.

2012

Text of Note

1 History and Nomenclature.- 1.1 History.- 1.2 Nomenclature.- References.- 2 Clinical Aspects.- 2.1 Prevalence.- 2.1.1 Worldwide Distribution.- 2.1.2 Sex Incidence.- 2.2 Course.- 2.2.1 Onset, Phases, and Morphological Characteristics.- 2.2.2 Infantile Phase.- 2.2.3 Childhood Phase.- 2.2.4 Adolescent/Young Adult Phase.- 2.2.5 Onset at Elder Age.- 2.3 Prognosis.- 2.3.1 Phases and Prognostic Problems.- 2.3.2 Cases Healed After the Infantile Phase.- 2.3.3 Clearing of the Disease.- 2.4 Basic Clinical Features.- 2.4.1 Primary Trait.- 2.4.2 Prurigo.- 2.4.3 Lichenification.- 2.4.4 Eczematous Lesions.- 2.4.5 Correlation Between Itch and Major Features.- 2.5 Morphology and Distribution.- 2.5.1 Sites of Predilection.- 2.5.2 Head and Face.- 2.5.3 Body.- 2.5.4 Hands.- 2.5.5 Feet.- 2.6 Other Essential Features.- 2.6.1 Dry Skin.- 2.6.2 Photosensitivity.- 2.7 Special Clinical Types.- 2.7.1 Follicular Type.- 2.7.2 Inhalative (Hand) Eczema.- 2.8 Correlations Between Distribution and Pathomechanism.- 2.9 Complications Caused by Living Agents.- 2.9.1 Staphylococcal Infections.- 2.9.2 Viral Infections.- 2.9.3 Dermatophytosis and Candida.- 2.9.4 Scabies and House Dust Mite.- 2.9.5 Pityrosporon Orbiculare.- 2.10 Complication of the Malfunctioning Immunomechanisms.- 2.10.1 Atopic Erythroderma.- 2.10.2 Some Types of Cutaneous Lymphoma.- 2.10.3 Alopecia Areata and Vitiligo.- 2.11 Other Complications.- 2.11.1 Atopic Cataract.- 2.12 Associated Conditions; Proven Correlations.- 2.12.1 Atopic Correlations.- 2.12.2 Bronchial Asthma.- 2.12.3 Atopic Rhinoconjunctivitis.- 2.12.4 Oral Symptoms.- 2.12.5 Gastrointestinal Symptoms.- 2.13 Xerosis-Ichthyosis Group.- 2.14 Probable Correlations.- 2.14.1 Drug Reactions of the Immediate Type.- 2.14.2 Systemic Diseases (Related to Impaired Cell-Mediated Immunity).- 2.14.3 Certain Types of Urticaria.- 2.15 Possible Correlations.- 2.15.1 Some Genetic Disorders with Eczematous Lesions.- 2.15.2 Adult Celiac Disease/Dermatitis Herpetiformis.- 2.15.3 Other Conditions.- 2.16 Coexistence of AD with Common Skin Diseases.- References.- 3 Itch.- 3.1 Short Survey.- 3.1.1 Itch and Pain.- 3.1.2 Mediator of Itch.- 3.1.3 Nonchemical Stimuli.- 3.1.4 Itch and Late Cutaneous Reactions.- 3.2 Role of Itch in AD.- 3.2.1 Itch as the Essential Symptom of AD.- References.- 4 Histopathological and Laboratory Findings.- 4.1 Histopathological Findings.- 4.2 Laboratory Findings.- References.- 5 Pathomechanism: Genetic and Immunological Factors.- 5.1 Genetic Factors.- 5.1.1 Mode of Inheritance.- 5.1.2 Transmission of IgE and Other Features.- 5.1.3 Practical Consequences for the Clinician.- 5.2 Atopic Allergens.- 5.2.1 General Remarks.- 5.2.2 Skin Testing.- 5.2.3 Inhalants: Pollen.- 5.2.4 Inhalants: Animal Hair.- 5.2.5 Inhalants: Human Dandruff.- 5.2.6 Inhalants: House Dust and House Dust Mites.- 5.2.7 Inhalants: Molds.- 5.2.8 Other Inhalants.- 5.2.9 Inhalants Eliciting Contact Reaction.- 5.3 Foods.- 5.3.1 General Remarks.- 5.3.2 Food Reactivity.- 5.3.3 Frequent Food Allergens.- 5.3.4 Skin Reactivity.- 5.3.5 Challenge Tests.- 5.3.6 Late and Non-IgE-Mediated Food Reactions.- 5.3.7 Concluding Remarks.- 5.4 Other Allergens from Living Agents.- 5.4.1 Staphylococci and Other Bacteria.- 5.4.2 Dermatophytes and Candida.- 5.4.3 Scabies Mite, Insects, and Helminths.- 5.5 The Atopic Antibody.- 5.5.1 General Remarks.- 5.5.2 IgE in AD.- 5.5.3 RAST.- 5.5.4 Non-IgE Antibodies.- 5.5.5 Evaluation of Immediate Type Skin Reactions.- 5.6 Contact Reactivity.- 5.6.1 Allergic Contact Dermatitis.- 5.6.2 Irritative Contact Dermatitis.- 5.7 Delayed (Tuberculin-Type) Reactivity.- 5.7.1 In Vivo Reactivity.- 5.7.2 In Vitro Reactivity.- 5.7.3 Leukocytes and Monocytes.- 5.7.4 Antigen-Presenting Cells.- 5.7.5 Skin Infiltrate.- 5.7.6 Anti-Infectious Resistance.- 5.7.7 Cell-Mediated Immunity in Respiratory Atopies.- 5.8 Other Reaction Types.- 5.9 Concluding Remarks.- References.- 6 Pathomechanism: Cells and Mediators.- 6.1 Mast Cells and Histamine.- 6.1.1 Mast Cells.- 6.1.2 Histamine.- 6.1.3 Histamine Inhibition.- 6.2 Eosinophils and Their Products.- 6.3 Cyclic Nucleotides.- 6.3.1 Introduction.- 6.3.2 Conditions in Atopy/AD.- 6.3.3 Concluding Remarks.- 6.4 Eicosanoids.- 6.4.1 Prostaglandins.- 6.5 Complement.- 6.6 Other Mediators.- 6.6.1 Acetylcholine.- 6.6.2 Kinins.- 6.6.3 Miscellaneous.- References.- 7 Pathomechanism: The Altered Skin.- 7.1 Itch.- 7.2 Alteration of Skin Structure and Some Consequences.- 7.2.1 Epidermodermal Changes.- 7.3 Water Exchange.- 7.3.1 Sweat Secretion.- 7.3.2 Transepidermal Water Loss.- 7.3.3 Sebum Excretion.- 7.3.4 Skin Dryness.- 7.4 Paradoxical Vascular Responses.- 7.4.1 White Dermographism.- 7.4.2 Nicotinate Reactions.- 7.4.3 Delayed Blanch and Comments.- 7.4.4 Further Vascular Changes.- 7.5 Other Alterations.- 7.5.1 Pilomotor Reaction.- 7.5.2 Endocrine Alterations.- 7.6 Concluding Remarks.- References.- 8 Pathomechanism: Attempt at Synthesis.- 8.1 Animal Models.- 8.2 Attempt at Synthesis.- References.- 9 Factors Influencing the Course of AD.- 9.1 Seasonal Dependence.- 9.2 Climatic Factors.- 9.3 Some Environmental Factors.- 9.4 Socioeconomic Environment.- 9.5 Occupation.- 9.6 Psychological Factors.- 9.7 Other Factors.- 9.7.1 Military Service and Sports.- 9.7.2 Hormonal Influences.- 9.7.3 Infections.- 9.7.4 Problems with Schooling in Young AD Patients.- References.- 10 Diagnosis and Grading (Severity).- 10.1 Diagnostic Criteria.- 10.2 Differential Diagnosis.- 10.3 Grading (Severity).- References.- 11 Prophylaxis.- 11.1 Food Avoidance.- 11.1.1 Sensitization in Utero.- 11.1.2 Breast Feeding.- 11.1.3 Avoidance Diets.- 11.2 Inhalant Allergens.- 11.3 Occupational Prophylaxis.- 11.4 Other Measures.- References.- 12 Management of AD.- 12.1 Specific and Immunological Therapy.- 12.2 General Measures.- 12.2.1 Climatotherapy.- 12.2.2 Hospitalization.- 12.3 Systemic Therapy.- 12.3.1 Antipruritics.- 12.3.2 Anti-Inflammatory Agents.- 12.3.3 Light Therapy.- 12.3.4 Chromones.- 12.3.5 Essential Fatty Acids.- 12.3.6 Anti-Infectious Agents.- 12.4 Topical Therapy.- 12.4.1 Antipruritics and Tars.- 12.4.2 Topical Corticosteroids.- 12.4.3 Treatment of Acute Eczematous Reaction.- 12.4.4 Measures Against Dryness.- 12.4.5 Antibacterial and Antimycotic Agents.- 12.4.6 Special Points for Infantile Eczema.- 12.4.7 Newer Topical Therapy.- 12.5 Concluding Remarks.- References.

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Book number

Georg Rajka

Georg Rajka

Electronic name

[Book]

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