Update on diabetes for neurologists. Type 1 diabetes / Edith W.M.T. ter Braak and Aline M.E. Stades -- Type 2 diabetes / Hermes J. Florez, Alex A. Sanchez, and Jennifer B. Marks -- Update on stroke and dementia for diabetologists. Acute ischemic stroke / L. Jaap Kappelle and H. Bart van der Worp -- Neuropsychological assessment / Roy P.C. Kessels and Augustina M.A. Brands -- Clinical evaluation and treatment of cognitive dysfunction and dementia / Laura A. van de Pol, Wiesje M. van der Flier, and Philip Scheltens -- Acute cerebral disturbances in diabetes. Hypoglycemia / Brian M. Frier -- Ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state / Matthew Freeby and Susana Ebner -- Stroke and diabetes mellitus / Boris N. Mankovsky -- Hyperglycemia in acute stroke / Nyika D. Kruyt and Yvo W.B.M. Roos -- Long-term cerebral complications in diabetes. Cognition in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes / Christopher M. Ryan -- Cognition in adults with Type 1 diabetes / Augustina M.A. Brands, Roy P.C. Kessels, and Christopher M. Ryan -- Cognition in Type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetic stages / Esther van den Berg, Yael D. Reijmer, and Geert Jan Biessels -- Type 2 diabetes, related conditions, and dementia / José Alejandro Luchsinger -- Diabetes and depression / Maria D. Llorente and Julie E. Malphurs -- Central nervous system involvement in diabetic neuropathy / Dinesh Selvarajah, Iain D.Wilkinson, Rajiv A. Gandhi, and Solomon Tesfaye -- Experimental models and pathophysiology. Animal models / Geert Jan Biessels -- Pathobiology of diabetic encephalopathy in animal models / Anders A.F. Sima -- The role of insulin resistance in age-related cognitive decline and dementia / G. Stennis Watson and Suzanne Craft