Includes bibliographical references (pages 485-500) and index
CONTENTS NOTE
Text of Note
World Events -- Geography -- Topics in Geography -- Asian Experiences: Late Middle Ages -- Asian Experiences: Marco Polo and the Silk Road -- Asian Experiences: Mongols -- Cartography -- Geographical Knowledge: Roger Bacon -- Portuguese Interests in Africa -- Topography and Climate -- The Vikings as Explorers and Colonists -- Significant People -- Erik the Red -- Leif Eriksson -- The Arts -- Topics in the Arts -- Architecture -- Education and the Liberal Arts -- Literature: Latin Writings -- Literature: Sagas and Other Early Medieval Writings -- Literature: Vernacular Traditions -- Music -- Painting -- Sculpture -- Theater and Festival -- Significant People -- Dante Alighieri -- Giotto Di Bondone -- Guido of Arezzo -- Suger of St. Denis -- Communication, Transportation, and Exploration -- Topics in Communication, Transportation, and Exploration -- Communications -- Exploration -- Explorers from other Lands -- Itinerant Christians -- Language and Foreign Lands -- Language as a Means of and a Barrier to Communication -- Road Travel -- Sea Travel -- Transportation: Means of Conveyance -- Travel -- Vernacular Language -- Significant People -- Canute I (Canute the Great) -- Ramon Lull -- Marco Polo -- Social Class System and the Economy -- Topics in Social Class System and the Economy -- Clergy -- Commercial Production: Interaction among Peoples -- Commercial Production: Methods of Exchange -- Commercial Production: Occupations and Work Habits -- Feudal Society -- Modes of Economic Existence -- Nobility -- Peasantry -- Social Hierarchy -- Social Organizations: Interaction among Peoples -- Social Organizations: Occupations and Work Habits -- Social Organizations: Stratification -- Trade: Interaction among Peoples -- Trade: Methods of Exchange -- Trade: Occupations and Work Habits -- Significant People -- John II -- Matthew Paris -- Robert of Arbrissel -- Urban II -- Politics, Law, and the Military -- Topics in Politics, Law, and the Military -- The Battlefield: Tactics and Weapons -- Carolingian Military Machine -- English Common Law -- First Crusade (1095-1099) -- Second Crusade (1144-1187) -- Third Crusade (1189-1192) -- Fourth Crusade (1198-1202) -- Later Crusades -- High Middle Ages: Political Developments -- Hundred Years' War -- Latin Law in the Crusader States -- Legal Procedures, Crime, and Punishment -- Magna Carta -- Mongols -- The Norman Conquests -- The Peace of God and the Truce of God -- Salic Law -- The Vikings and Magyars -- Significant People -- Frederick I (Frederick Barbarossa) -- Louis IX (Saint Louis) -- Richard I (Richard the Lionhearted) -- William I (William the Conqueror) -- Leisure, Recreation, and Daily Life -- Topics in Leisure, Recreation, and Daily Life -- Farmers and Peasants: Building Peasant Communities -- Farmers and Peasants: Food and the Harvest -- Farmers and Peasants: Clothes and Hygiene -- Farmers and Peasants: Household Goods -- Farmers and Peasants: Village Fights and Festivals -- Lords and Ladies: Building Castles -- Lords and Ladies: Castle Furnishings and Management -- Lords and Ladies: Castles under Siege -- Lords and Ladies: Court Culture and Fashion -- Lords and Ladies: Kitchens for Castles -- Lords and Ladies: Military Training -- Lords and Ladies: Recreation -- Monasteries -- Monastery Religious Offices and Work -- Monastic Lifestyles -- Urban Churches -- Urban Fortifications and Public Places -- Urban Living: Burghers -- Urban Living: Craftsmen and Tradesmen -- Urban Living: Recreation and Riot -- Urban Living: Those on the Margins -- Significant People -- Hildegard of Bingen -- Jocelin of Brakelond -- Villard de Honnecourt -- The Family and Social Trends -- Topics in the Family and Social Trends -- Ancestry and Kinship: Household Structures -- Ancestry and Kinship: Lineage and Inheritance -- Betrothal: Expenses -- Betrothal: Marriage Age -- Economic Partnership in Marriage -- Marriage: Church Views -- Marriage: Impediments to Christian Unions -- Marriage: Moral Duties -- Marriage: Secret and Clandestine Unions -- Marriage: Spousal Choice -- The Marriage Ceremony -- The Marriage of Bertolf and Godelieve -- The Marriage of Lothair and Theutberga -- The Marriage of Philip I and Bertha -- The Marriage of Philip Augustus and Ingeborg -- The Marriage Relationship: Sexuality and the Church -- The Marriage Relationship: Sexuality and Medicine -- The Marriage Relationship: Sexuality and Society -- Married Life: Birth Control -- Married Life: Childbirth and Baptism -- Married Life: Child Rearing and Parental Affection -- Married Life: Children and Stepchildren -- Orphans -- Schooling Children -- Training Children for Adulthood -- Training Children for Work: Apprenticeships -- Training Children for Work: Service -- Widows and the Elderly -- Significant People -- Dhuoda -- Eleanor of Aquitaine -- Heloise -- Religion and Philosophy -- Topics in Religion and Philosophy -- The Ascent of the Roman Church -- Canon Law -- Church and State: Allies or Opponents? -- Church Reform -- The Crusades -- Early Medieval Philosophy: Ancient and Early Christian Roots -- Early Medieval Philosophy: Emerging from the Dark Ages -- The East-West Schism -- Heresy -- Jews and Muslims -- Jews and Muslims: Discovering Non-Christian Philosophies -- Monasticism -- Mysticism -- Piety -- The Problem of Evil: Augustine and Aquinas -- The Problems of Universals and Individuation -- Recovering Ancient Texts -- Responding to Aristotle -- Revising Philosophy: Scholasticism -- Revising Philosophy: The Late Middle Ages -- Significant People -- Peter Abelard -- Thomas Aquinas -- John Scottus Eriugena -- Francis of Assisi -- Science, Technology, and Health -- Topics in Science, Technology, and Health4 -- Aristotle's Legacy -- Bede's Contributions -- The Celestial Spheres -- The Laws of Physics -- Meteorology and Alchemy -- Natural History -- Power for Technology: Animals -- Power for Technology: Fire -- Power for Technology: Water -- Power for Technology: Wind -- The Technology of Construction -- The Technology of Machinery -- The Technology of Military Machines -- Well-Being: Galen's Legacy -- Well-Being: Health Practitioners -- Well-Being: Health Regimens -- Well-Being: Herbals -- Significant People -- Albertus Magnus -- Arnald de Villanova -- Roger Bacon -- Jean Buridan -- Constantine the African -- Robert Grosseteste -- Nicole Oresme -- Peter of Maricourt