Introduction: How modern is 'modern' philosophy -- pt. 1. René Descartes. Material monism or the great soup of being: Descartes' account of the natural world -- The possibility of atheism: Descartes and God -- The limit of mechanism: the place of human beings in Descartes' world -- Selling the picture: Descartes' story of doubt and discovery -- pt. 2. Baruch Spinoza. God, or nature? Spinoza's pantheism -- The attribute of thought -- Spinoza's ethics: metaphysics and the life of man -- pt. 3. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. The principle of sufficient reason -- The best of all possible worlds -- The world as explicable: Monadology -- Matter, mind and human life: the world as monadic -- pt. 4. John Locke. On living in the world: Locke on the contents of the mind -- Locke on nature (and our knowledge of it) -- The life of man: Locke's political thought -- pt. 5. George Berkeley. Denying the obvious: Berkeley's radical reinterpretationof human experience -- Berkeley's disproof of the existence of matter -- On what there is: Berkeley's virtual reality -- pt. 6. David Hume. Hume's project for a new science: what it is, how it works, and an example -- The failure of the project -- The lessons of Hume: where do we go from here?