Hymenoptera and Conservation; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1: Introducing Hymenoptera and their Conservation; 2: Alien Hymenoptera in Classical Biological Control; 3: The Junction of Biological Control and Conservation: Conservation Biological Control and Cultural Control; 4: Introduced Bees: Threats or Benefits?; 5: Social Wasps and Ants as Aliens; 6: Pollinator Declines; 7: Levels of Conservation Concern and the Shortcomings of Current Practice; 8: Habitat Parameters and Manipulation; 9: Species Case Histories; 10: Assessing Conservation Progress and Priorities for the Future
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SUMMARY OR ABSTRACT
Text of Note
Hymenoptera, the bees, wasps and ant, are one of the largest insect orders, and have massive ecological importance as pollinators and as predators or parasitoids of other insects. These roles have brought them forcefully to human notice , as governors of some key ecological services that strongly influence human food supply. Recent declines of pollinators and introductions of alien pests or biological control agents are only part of the current concerns for conservation of Hymenoptera, and of the interactions in which they participate in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. Both pests and benefi